There is inconclusive evidence about the role of sex as a risk factor for doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. Recent experimental studies have shown that adult female rats are protected against DOX-induc...
Authors: Marianne K. O. Grant, Davis M. Seelig, Leslie C. Sharkey and Beshay N. Zordoky
In animals with heteromorphic sex chromosomes, all sex differences originate from the sex chromosomes, which are the only factors that are consistently different in male and female zygotes. In mammals, the imb...
The higher prevalence of obesity-related metabolic disease in males suggests that female sex hormones provide protective mechanisms against the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Because browning of white adi...
Authors: Sang-Nam Kim, Young-Suk Jung, Hyun-Jung Kwon, Je Kyung Seong, James G. Granneman and Yun-Hee Lee
Lifestyle factors may influence the risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Whereas cigarette smoking is an established risk factor, the effects of high alcohol intake and obesity are more uncertain. The aim of ...
Authors: Gustav Andersson, Christoffer Wennersten, Signe Borgquist and Karin Jirström
Sexual dimorphism in blood pressure has been associated with differential expression of the angiotensin II (AII) receptors and with activity of the nervous system. It is generally accepted that ageing affects ...
Authors: Wioletta Pijacka, Bethan Clifford, Dawid Walas, Chantal Tilburgs, Jaap A. Joles, Sarah McMullen and Simon C. Langley-Evans
Previous studies have indicated that inefficient energy utilization may play a pivotal role in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, whether plasma free fatty acid (FFA), a main energy substrate of heart...
Authors: Chengzhi Yang, Changlin Zhang, Jiansong Yuan, Jingang Cui, Shengwen Liu, Fenghuan Hu, Weixian Yang, Xuanye Bi and Shubin Qiao
Previous studies have shown that total cholesterol (TC) levels are associated with stroke outcomes, but sex differences in the association between TC levels, especially a low TC level, and ischemic stroke outc...
Authors: Guanen Zhou, Zhongping An, Wenjuan Zhao, Yan Hong, Haolin Xin, Xianjia Ning and Jinghua Wang
The C57BL/6J.YA/J mouse strain is a chromosome-substituted line where the original male-specific portion of chromosome Y (MSY) from C57BL/6J mice was substituted for that from A/J mice. In hearts from male C57BL/...
Authors: Samantha D. Praktiknjo, Sylvie Picard and Christian F. Deschepper
Sex influences susceptibility to many infectious diseases, including some manifestations of leishmaniasis. The disease is caused by parasites that enter to the skin and can spread to the lymph nodes, spleen, l...
Authors: Martina Slapničková, Valeriya Volkova, Marie Čepičková, Tatyana Kobets, Matyáš Šíma, Milena Svobodová, Peter Demant and Marie Lipoldová
Biological sex plays a prominent role in the prevalence and severity of a number of important stress-related gastrointestinal and immune-related diseases including IBS and allergy/anaphylaxis. Despite the esta...
Authors: Emily Mackey, Saravanan Ayyadurai, Calvin S. Pohl, Susan D’ Costa, Yihang Li and Adam J. Moeser
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition that affects approximately four times as many males as females, a strong sex bias that has not yet been fully explained. Understanding the causes of ...
Animal models have become valuable experimental tools for understanding the pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions in cardiovascular disease. Yet to date, few studies document the age- and sex-related d...
Authors: Giannie Barsha, Kate M. Denton and Katrina M. Mirabito Colafella
NR5A1 is the key regulator of adrenal and gonadal development in both humans and mice. Recently, a missense substitution in human NR5A1, p.R92W, was shown to underlie gonadal dysgenesis in genetic males and testi...
Gender- and sex-specific medicine is defined as the practice of medicine based on the understanding that biology (dictated by sex chromosomes) and social roles (gender) are important in and have implications f...
Authors: Marjorie R. Jenkins, Alyssa Herrmann, Amanda Tashjian, Tina Ramineni, Rithika Ramakrishnan, Donna Raef, Tracy Rokas and John Shatzer
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):45
There is a growing appreciation by the biomedical community that studying the impact of sex and gender on health, aging, and disease will lead to improvements in human health. Sex- and gender-based comparisons...
Authors: Alyson J. McGregor, Memoona Hasnain, Kathryn Sandberg, Mary F. Morrison, Michelle Berlin and Justina Trott
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):46
The Sex and Gender Medical Education Summit: a roadmap for curricular innovation was a collaborative initiative of the American Medical Women's Association, Laura W. Bush Institute for Women’s Health, Mayo Cli...
Authors: Eliza L. Chin, Marley Hoggatt, Alyson J. McGregor, Mary K. Rojek, Kimberly Templeton, Robert Casanova, Wendy S. Klein, Virginia M. Miller and Marjorie Jenkins
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):52
Addressing healthcare disparities is a national priority for initiatives in precision and individualized medicine. An essential component of precision medicine is the understanding that sex and gender influenc...
Authors: Juliana M. Kling, Steven H. Rose, Lisa N. Kransdorf, Thomas R. Viggiano and Virginia M. Miller
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):38
Sex and Gender Medicine is a novel discipline that provides equitable medical care for society and improves outcomes for both male and female patients. The integration of sex- and gender-specific knowledge int...
Authors: Ute Seeland, Ahmad T. Nauman, Alissa Cornelis, Sabine Ludwig, Mathias Dunkel, Georgios Kararigas and Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):39
“Sex and Gender Medicine” is a novel medical discipline that takes into account the effects of sex and gender on the health of women and men. The Institute of Medicine in the USA declared in its 2001 and 2010 ...
Authors: Shivani Dhawan, May Bakir, Erika Jones, Sarah Kilpatrick and C. Noel Bairey Merz
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):37
Sex and gender differences play a significant role in the course and outcome of conditions that affect specific organ systems in the human body. Research on differences in the effects of medical intervention h...
Authors: Jennifer L. Plank-Bazinet, Annie Sampson, Leah R. Miller, Emmanuel O. Fadiran, Deborah Kallgren, Rajeev K. Agarwal, Whitney Barfield, Claudette E. Brooks, Lisa Begg, Amy C. Mistretta, Pamela E. Scott, Janine Austin Clayton and Terri L. Cornelison
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):47
In the era of individualized medicine, training future scientists and health-care providers in the principles of sex- and gender-based differences in health and disease is critical in order to optimize patient...
Authors: Virginia M. Miller, Georgios Kararigas, Ute Seeland, Vera Regitz-Zagrosek, Karolina Kublickiene, Gillian Einstein, Robert Casanova and Marianne J. Legato
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):44
Sex and gender influence disease presentation, treatment, healthcare access, and long-term outcomes. It is uncertain to what extent sex- and gender-based medicine (SGBM) content has been integrated into emerge...
Authors: Tracy E. Madsen and Alyson J. McGregor
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):48
Sex- and gender-based medicine (SGBM) aims to (1) delineate and investigate sex- and gender-based differences in health, disease, and response to treatment and (2) apply that knowledge to clinical care to impr...
Authors: Michael M. Song, Betsy G. Jones and Robert A. Casanova
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):40
Efforts to integrate gender medicine into medical school curricula have focused largely on the work of individual champions. Online sex and gender materials for undergraduate courses have also been developed a...
Authors: Cara Tannenbaum and Geneviève Moineau
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):41
The goal of the Sex and Gender Specific Health (SGSH) curriculum at the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC) is to advance the understanding of sex/gender differences, increase the awareness o...
Authors: Steven M. Crooks, Jongpil Cheon, Robert Casanova and Marjorie Jenkins
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):49
Despite overwhelming evidence that sex and gender are critical factors in the delivery and practice of medicine, there is no unified sex- and gender-based medicine (SGBM) undergraduate medical education curric...
Authors: Alyson J. McGregor, Ana Núñez, Rebecca Barron, Robert Casanova and Eliza Lo Chin
Citation:Biology of Sex Differences
2016
7(Suppl 1):43
There are sex differences in the risk of development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). According to the developmental origins of health and disease paradigm (DOHaD), CVD originates in fetal life. This study exa...
Authors: Sarah Schalekamp-Timmermans, Jerome Cornette, Albert Hofman, Willem A. Helbing, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Eric A. P. Steegers and Bero O. Verburg
A recent review article suggests that elimination of infused crystalloid fluid might occur faster in females than in males. To study this question, a population kinetic analysis was performed to compare the tu...
Estrogen improves cardiac recovery after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) by yet incompletely understood mechanisms. Mitochondria play a crucial role in I/R injury through cytochrome c-dependent apoptosis activation...
Authors: Carola Schubert, Valeria Raparelli, Christina Westphal, Elke Dworatzek, George Petrov, Georgios Kararigas and Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
Unbalanced dietary intakes of saturated (SFAs) and polyunsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids can profoundly influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis and glucocorticoid secretions in relation to behavi...
Authors: Matthias Nemeth, Eva Millesi, Verena Puehringer-Sturmayr, Arthur Kaplan, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Ruth Quint and Bernard Wallner
Women are twice as likely to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to men, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this sex difference are unclear. Previous studies in the human postmortem...
Authors: Rachel Puralewski, Georgia Vasilakis and Marianne L. Seney
A comparison of whole-fish polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and total mercury (Hg) concentrations in mature males with those in mature females may provide insights into sex differences in behavior, metabolism, a...
Authors: Charles P. Madenjian, Richard R. Rediske, David P. Krabbenhoft, Martin A. Stapanian, Sergei M. Chernyak and James P. O’Keefe
Thyroid dysfunction is more common in the female population, however, the impact of sex on disease characteristics has rarely been addressed. Using a murine model, we asked whether sex has an influence on phen...
Authors: Helena Rakov, Kathrin Engels, Georg Sebastian Hönes, Karl-Heinz Strucksberg, Lars Christian Moeller, Josef Köhrle, Denise Zwanziger and Dagmar Führer
Organ transplantation, e.g., of the heart, liver, or kidney, is nowadays a routine strategy to counteract several lethal human pathologies. From literature data and from data obtained in Italy, a striking scen...
Authors: Francesca Puoti, Andrea Ricci, Alessandro Nanni-Costa, Walter Ricciardi, Walter Malorni and Elena Ortona
Not including female rats or mice in neuroscience research has been justified due to the variable nature of female data caused by hormonal fluctuations associated with the female reproductive cycle. In this st...
Authors: Jill B. Becker, Brian J. Prendergast and Jing W. Liang
Early-life stress (ELS) is a recognized risk factor for chronic pain disorders, and females appear to be more sensitive to the negative effects of stress. Moreover, estrous cycle-related fluctuations in estrog...
Authors: Rachel D. Moloney, Jahangir Sajjad, Tara Foley, Valeria D. Felice, Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan and Siobhain M. O’Mahony
Cardiac hypertrophy is the most potent cardiovascular risk factor after age, and relative mortality risk linked with cardiac hypertrophy is greater in women. Ischemic heart disease is the most common form of c...
Authors: James R. Bell, Claire L. Curl, Tristan W. Harding, Martin Vila Petroff, Stephen B. Harrap and Lea M. D. Delbridge
Considerable research effort has been invested in attempting to understand immune dysregulation leading to autoimmunity and target organ damage. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), patients can develop a sy...
Sex differences are known to exist in adipose and immune functions in the body, and sex steroid hormones are known to be involved in sexually dimorphic biological and pathological processes related to adipose-...
Authors: K. Hoa Nguyen, Sudharsana R. Ande and Suresh Mishra
Early life stress (ELS) serves as a risk factor for the development of functional pain disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in adults. Although rodent models have been developed to mimic different ...
Authors: Dawn K. Prusator and Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld
Sexual differentiation in female mammals can be altered by the proximity of male littermates in utero, a phenomenon known as the intrauterine position effect (IUP). Among simian primates, callitrichines (marmo...
Authors: Jeffrey A. French, Brett Frye, Jon Cavanaugh, Dongren Ren, Aaryn C. Mustoe, Lisa Rapaport and Jennifer Mickelberg
The prevalence of osteoarthritis is higher in women than in men in every age group, and overall prevalence increases with advancing age. Sex-specific differences in the properties of osteoarthritic joint tissu...
Authors: Qingfen Pan, Mary I. O’Connor, Richard D. Coutts, Sharon L. Hyzy, Rene Olivares-Navarrete, Zvi Schwartz and Barbara D. Boyan
Males and females respond differently to diverse metabolic situations. Being raised in a small litter is reported to cause overnutrition that increases weight gain and predisposes an individual to metabolic di...
Authors: Pilar Argente-Arizón, Purificación Ros, Francisca Díaz, Esther Fuente-Martin, David Castro-González, Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Garrido, Vicente Barrios, Manuel Tena-Sempere, Jesús Argente and Julie A. Chowen
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among diabetic patients. Importantly, recent data highlight the apparent sexual dimorphism in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in diabetics with r...
Authors: Sriram Devanathan, Timothy D. Whitehead, Nicole Fettig, Robert J. Gropler, Samuel Nemanich and Kooresh I. Shoghi
Sex differences in tobacco-related morbidity and mortality exist, with women experiencing more severe health consequences and greater difficulty with smoking cessation than men. One factor that likely contribu...
Authors: Reagan R. Wetherill, Kanchana Jagannathan, Nathan Hager, Melanie Maron and Teresa R. Franklin
Although craniofacial sex differences have been extensively studied in humans, relatively little is known about when various dimorphic features manifest during postnatal life. Using cross-sectional data derive...
Authors: Matthew J. Kesterke, Zachary D. Raffensperger, Carrie L. Heike, Michael L. Cunningham, Jacqueline T. Hecht, Chung How Kau, Nichole L. Nidey, Lina M. Moreno, George L. Wehby, Mary L. Marazita and Seth M. Weinberg
Serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in a wide spectrum of study population. However, whether this association exists in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, includi...
Authors: Changlin Zhang, Rong Liu, Jiansong Yuan, Jingang Cui, Fenghuan Hu, Weixian Yang, Yan Zhang, Chengzhi Yang and Shubin Qiao
Males and females have a different predisposition for the development of intestinal disorders, like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We hypothesized that sex specific differences in intestinal immune response...
Authors: Marlies Elderman, Adriaan van Beek, Eelke Brandsma, Bart de Haan, Huub Savelkoul, Paul de Vos and Marijke Faas
Androgens are known to delay lung development. As a consequence, the incidence and morbidity of respiratory distress syndrome of the neonate are higher for male than for female premature infants. We previously...
Authors: Wafae Bouhaddioui, Pierre R. Provost and Yves Tremblay
