Laughlin GA, Barrett-Connor E, Bergstrom J: Low serum testosterone and mortality in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008, 93: 68–75.
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Simon D, Charles MA, Nahoul K, Orssaud G, Kremski J, Hully V, Joubert E, Papoz L, Eschwege E: Association between plasma total testosterone and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy adult men: The Telecom Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997, 82: 682–685. 10.1210/jc.82.2.682
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jankowska EA, Filippatos G, Ponikowska B, Borodulin-Nadzieja L, Anker SD, Banasiak W, Poole-Wilson PA, Ponikowski P: Reduction in circulating testosterone relates to exercise capacity in men with chronic heart failure. J Card Fail 2009, 15: 442–450. 10.1016/j.cardfail.2008.12.011
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vikan T, Johnsen SH, Schirmer H, Njolstad I, Svartberg J: Endogenous testosterone and the prospective association with carotid atherosclerosis in men: the Tromso study. Eur J Epidemiol 2009, 24: 289–295. 10.1007/s10654-009-9322-2
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bernini G, Versari D, Moretti A, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Bardini M, Taurino C, Canale D, Taddei S, Salvetti A: Vascular reactivity in congenital hypogonadal men before and after testosterone replacement therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006, 91: 1691–1697. 10.1210/jc.2005-1398
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Phillips GB, Pinkernell BH, Jing TY: The association of hypotestosteronemia with coronary artery disease in men. Arterioscler Thromb 1994, 14: 701–706. 10.1161/01.ATV.14.5.701
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lu YL, Kuang L, Zhu H, Wu H, Wang XF, Pang YP, Wang NJ, Yu DL: Changes in aortic endothelium ultrastructure in male rats following castration, replacement with testosterone and administration of 5alpha-reductase inhibitor. Asian J Androl 2007, 9: 843–847. 10.1111/j.1745-7262.2007.00327.x
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tharp DL, Masseau I, Ivey J, Ganjam VK, Bowles DK: Endogenous testosterone attenuates neointima formation after moderate coronary balloon injury in male swine. Cardiovasc Res 2009, 82: 152–160. 10.1093/cvr/cvp038
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Webb CM, Elkington AG, Kraidly MM, Keenan N, Pennell DJ, Collins P: Effects of oral testosterone treatment on myocardial perfusion and vascular function in men with low plasma testosterone and coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 2008, 101: 618–624. 10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.09.114
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yaron M, Greenman Y, Rosenfeld JB, Izkhakov E, Limor R, Osher E, Shenkerman G, Tordjman K, Stern N: Effect of testosterone replacement therapy on arterial stiffness in older hypogonadal men. Eur J Endocrinol 2009, 160: 839–846. 10.1530/EJE-09-0052
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Qiu Y, Yanase T, Hu H, Tanaka T, Nishi Y, Liu M, Sueishi K, Sawamura T, Nawata H: Dihydrotestosterone suppresses foam cell formation and attenuates atherosclerosis development. Endocrinology 2010, 151: 3307–3316. 10.1210/en.2009-1268
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ong PJ, Patrizi G, Chong WC, Webb CM, Hayward CS, Collins P: Testosterone enhances flow-mediated brachial artery reactivity in men with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2000, 85: 269–272. 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)00630-X
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Webb CM, McNeill JG, Hayward CS, de Zeigler D, Collins P: Effects of testosterone on coronary vasomotor regulation in men with coronary heart disease. Circulation 1999, 100: 1690–1696. 10.1161/01.CIR.100.16.1690
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chou TM, Sudhir K, Hutchison SJ, Ko E, Amidon TM, Collins P, Chatterjee K: Testosterone induces dilation of canine coronary conductance and resistance arteries in vivo. Circulation 1996, 94: 2614–2619. 10.1161/01.CIR.94.10.2614
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Deenadayalu VP, White RE, Stallone JN, Gao X, Garcia AJ: Testosterone relaxes coronary arteries by opening the large-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channel. American Journal of Physiology - Heart & Circulatory Physiology 2001, 281: H1720-H1727.
CAS
Google Scholar
Jones RD, English KM, Jones TH, Channer KS: Testosterone-induced coronary vasodilatation occurs via a non-genomic mechanism: evidence of a direct calcium antagonism action. Clin Sci (Lond) 2004, 107: 149–158. 10.1042/CS20030386
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Molinari C, Battaglia A, Grossini E, Mary DA, Vassanelli C, Vacca G: The effect of testosterone on regional blood flow in prepubertal anaesthetized pigs. J Physiol (Lond) 2002, 543: 365–372. 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.022756
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Yue P, Chatterjee K, Beale C, Poole-Wilson PA, Collins P: Testosterone relaxes rabbit coronary arteries and aorta. Circulation 1995, 91: 1154–1160. 10.1161/01.CIR.91.4.1154
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Starka L: Epitestosterone. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2003, 87: 27–34. 10.1016/S0960-0760(03)00383-2
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sanders B: Sex, drugs, and sports: Prostaglandins, epitestosterone and sexual development. Med Hypotheses 2007, 69: 829–835. 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.12.058
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Havlikova H, Hill M, Hampl R, Starka L: Sex and age related changes in epitestosterone in relation to pregnenolone sulfate and testosterone in normal subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002, 87: 2225–2231. 10.1210/jc.87.5.2225
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jones RD, Ruban LN, Morton IE, Roberts SA, English KM, Channer KS, Jones TH: Testosterone inhibits the prostaglandin F2alpha-mediated increase in intracellular calcium in A7r5 aortic smooth muscle cells: evidence of an antagonistic action upon store-operated calcium channels. J Endocrinol 2003, 178: 381–393. 10.1677/joe.0.1780381
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jones RD, Pugh PJ, Jones TH, Channer KS: The vasodilatory action of testosterone: a potassium-channel opening or a calcium antagonistic action? Br J Pharmacol 2003, 138: 733–744. 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705141
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Murphy JG, Khalil RA: Decreased [Ca(2+)](i) during inhibition of coronary smooth muscle contraction by 17beta-estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone. Journal of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics 1999, 291: 44–52.
CAS
Google Scholar
Sieveking DP, Lim P, Chow RW, Dunn LL, Bao S, McGrath KC, Heather AK, Handelsman DJ, Celermajer DS, Ng MK: A sex-specific role for androgens in angiogenesis. J Exp Med 2010, 207: 345–352. 10.1084/jem.20091924
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hanke H, Lenz C, Spindler KD, Weidemann W: Effect of testosterone on plaque development and androgen receptor expression in the arterial vessel wall. Circulation 2001, 103: 1382–1385. 10.1161/01.CIR.103.10.1382
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Liu PY, Christian RC, Ruan M, Miller VM, Fitzpatrick LA: Correlating Androgen and Estrogen Steroid Receptor Expression with Coronary Calcification and Atherosclerosis in Men without Known Coronary Artery Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005, 90: 1041–1046.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yu J, Akishita M, Eto M, Ogawa S, Son BK, Kato S, Ouchi Y, Okabe T: Androgen receptor-dependent activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular endothelial cells: role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/akt pathway. Endocrinology 2010, 151: 1822–1828. 10.1210/en.2009-1048
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bowles DK, Heaps CL, Turk JR, Maddali KK, Price EM: Hypercholesterolemia inhibits L-type calcium current in coronary macro-, not microcirculation. J Appl Physiol 2004, 96: 2240–2248.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tharp DL, Wamhoff BR, Turk JR, Bowles DK: Upregulation of intermediate-conductance Ca2 + -activated K + channel (IKCa1) mediates phenotypic modulation of coronary smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006, 291: H2493-H2503. 10.1152/ajpheart.01254.2005
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCT method. Methods 2001, 25: 402–408. 10.1006/meth.2001.1262
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bowles DK, Maddali KK, Ganjam VK, Rubin LJ, Tharp DL, Turk JR, Heaps CL: Endogenous testosterone increases L-type Ca2+ channel expression in porcine coronary smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004, 287: H2091-H2098. 10.1152/ajpheart.00258.2004
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Malkin CJ, Jones RD, Jones TH, Channer KS: Effect of testosterone on ex vivo vascular reactivity in man. Clin Sci (Lond) 2006, 111: 265–274. 10.1042/CS20050354
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
English KM, Jones RD, Jones TH, Morice AH, Channer KS: Aging reduces the responsiveness of coronary arteries from male Wistar rats to the vasodilatory action of testosterone. Clinical Science 2000, 99: 77–82. 10.1042/CS19990345
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Komaru T, Kanatsuka H, Shirato K: Coronary microcirculation - Physiology and pharmacology. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2000, 86: 217–261. 10.1016/S0163-7258(00)00057-7
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bennett NC, Gardiner RA, Hooper JD, Johnson DW, Gobe GC: Molecular cell biology of androgen receptor signalling. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2010, 42: 813–827. 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.11.013
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Perusquia M, Stallone JN: Do androgens play a beneficial role in the regulation of vascular tone? Nongenomic vascular effects of testosterone metabolites. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010, 298: H1301-H1307. 10.1152/ajpheart.00753.2009
Article
CAS
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ma R, Wu S, Lin Q: Homologous up-regulation of androgen receptor expression by androgen in vascular smooth muscle cells. Horm Res 2005, 63: 6–14. 10.1159/000082339
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Choate JV, Resko JA: Androgen receptor immunoreactivity in intact and castrate guinea pig using antipeptide antibodies. Brain Res 1992, 597: 51–59. 10.1016/0006-8993(92)91504-8
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Antonio J, Wilson JD, George FW: Effects of castration and androgen treatment on androgen-receptor levels in rat skeletal muscles. J Appl Physiol 1999, 87: 2016–2019.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brandstetter AM, Pfaffl MW, Hocquette JF, Gerrard DE, Picard B, Geay Y, Sauerwein H: Effects of muscle type, castration, age, and compensatory growth rate on androgen receptor mRNA expression in bovine skeletal muscle. J Anim Sci 2000, 78: 629–637.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sader MA, McGrath KC, Hill MD, Bradstock KF, Jimenez M, Handelsman DJ, Celermajer DS, Death AK: Androgen receptor gene expression in leucocytes is hormonally regulated: implications for gender differences in disease pathogenesis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005, 62: 56–63. 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2004.02173.x
Article
CAS
Google Scholar