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  1. Although sex differences in heart failure (HF) prevalence and severity have been recognized, its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. We used a tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy model to determine the ...

    Authors: Liliana Kiczak, Alicja Tomaszek, Urszula Pasławska, Jacek Bania, Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak, Piotr Skrzypczak, Robert Pasławski, Maciej Zacharski, Adrian Janiszewski, Piotr Kuropka, Piotr Ponikowski and Ewa A. Jankowska
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:32
  2. Naked mole-rats are eusocial mammals, living in large colonies with a single breeding female and 1–3 breeding males. Breeders are socially dominant, and only the breeders exhibit traditional sex differences in...

    Authors: Ashlyn Swift-Gallant, Kaiguo Mo, Deane E. Peragine, D. Ashley Monks and Melissa M. Holmes
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:31
  3. Diabetes has been shown to be significantly associated with poor outcome after stroke. However, the sex differences in stroke outcome among patients with diabetes are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to assess the...

    Authors: Wenjuan Zhao, Zhongping An, Yan Hong, Guanen Zhou, Bin liu, Jingjing Guo, Yuanju Yang, Xianjia Ning and Jinghua Wang
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:29
  4. Heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability, (BPV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) are measures that provide insight regarding autonomic function. Maximal exercise can affect autonomic function, and...

    Authors: Rebecca M. Kappus, Sushant M. Ranadive, Huimin Yan, Abbi D. Lane-Cordova, Marc D. Cook, Peng Sun, I. Shevon Harvey, Kenneth R. Wilund, Jeffrey A. Woods and Bo Fernhall
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:28
  5. Tissue infiltration by neutrophils during acute inflammatory states causes substantial tissue injury. While the magnitude of tissue neutrophil accumulation in innate immune responses is profoundly greater in m...

    Authors: Shimona Madalli, Martina Beyrau, James Whiteford, Johan Duchene, Inderpal Singh Nandhra, Nimesh S. A. Patel, Madhur P. Motwani, Derek W. Gilroy, Christoph Thiemermann, Sussan Nourshargh and Ramona S. Scotland
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:27
  6. Teleost fishes exhibit remarkably diverse and plastic sexual developmental patterns. One of the most astonishing is the rapid socially controlled female-to-male (protogynous) sex change observed in bluehead wr...

    Authors: Hui Liu, Melissa S. Lamm, Kim Rutherford, Michael A. Black, John R. Godwin and Neil J. Gemmell
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:26
  7. Neuroimaging studies in younger adults have demonstrated sex differences in brain processing of painful experimental stimuli. Such differences may contribute to findings that women suffer disproportionately fr...

    Authors: Todd B. Monroe, John C. Gore, Stephen P. Bruehl, Margaret M. Benningfield, Mary S. Dietrich, Li Min Chen, Paul Newhouse, Roger Fillingim, BettyAnn Chodkowski, Sebastian Atalla, Julian Arrieta, Stephen M. Damon, Jennifer Urbano Blackford and Ronald L. Cowan
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:25
  8. Despite the growing numbers of men and women with opioid use disorder in Canada, sex-specific issues in treatment have not been re-examined in the current population of patients with opioid addiction. We aimed...

    Authors: Monica Bawor, Brittany B. Dennis, Michael Varenbut, Jeff Daiter, David C. Marsh, Carolyn Plater, Andrew Worster, Meir Steiner, Rebecca Anglin, Guillaume Pare, Dipika Desai, Lehana Thabane and Zainab Samaan
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:21
  9. While many sex differences in structure and function of the mammalian brain have been described, the molecular correlates of these differences are not broadly known. Also unknown is how sex differences at the ...

    Authors: Aaron Block, Md. Mahiuddin Ahmed, A. Ranjitha Dhanasekaran, Suhong Tong and Katheleen J. Gardiner
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:24
  10. Dopamine (DA) neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) in the preoptic area (POA) of mammals express estrogen receptors, regulate luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, and show distinct sexual...

    Authors: Soham Saha, Saurabh Patil, Uday Singh, Omprakash Singh and Praful S. Singru
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:23
  11. Women at risk of preterm delivery receive magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in the pre-delivery phase to reduce their child’s risk of neurodevelopmental complications associated with preterm birth. However, the mechanism...

    Authors: Clint Gray, Mark H. Vickers, Rebecca M. Dyson, Clare M. Reynolds and Mary J. Berry
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:22
  12. Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are estimated to affect between 5 and 8 % of the US population, and approximately 80 % of these patients are women. Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an AD that occurs predominately in women...

    Authors: Jessica E. Brandt, Roberta Priori, Guido Valesini and DeLisa Fairweather
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:19
  13. Imbalance in lipid metabolism and membrane lipid homeostasis has been observed in numerous diseases including heart failure and cardiotoxicity. Growing evidence links phospholipid alterations especially cardio...

    Authors: Maryline Moulin, Audrey Solgadi, Vladimir Veksler, Anne Garnier, Renée Ventura-Clapier and Pierre Chaminade
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:20
  14. Females experience poorer recovery after ischemic stroke compared to males, even after controlling for age and stroke severity. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine produced by T regulatory cells and Th2 CD4+ h...

    Authors: Sarah E. Conway, Meaghan Roy-O’Reilly, Brett Friedler, Ilene Staff, Gilbert Fortunato and Louise D. McCullough
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:17
  15. Most writing on sexual differentiation of the mammalian brain (including our own) considers just two organs: the gonads and the brain. This perspective, which leaves out all other body parts, misleads us in se...

    Authors: Geert J. de Vries and Nancy G. Forger
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:15
  16. Mechanistic data to support health claims is often generated using rodent models, and the influence of prebiotic supplementation has largely been evaluated using male rodents. Given that sex-based differences ...

    Authors: Padmaja Shastri, Justin McCarville, Martin Kalmokoff, Stephen P.J. Brooks and Julia M. Green-Johnson
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:13
  17. Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) occur predominately in males. However, AAAs in females have rapid growth rates and rupture at smaller sizes. Mechanisms contributing to AAA progression in females are undefine...

    Authors: Sean E. Thatcher, Xuan Zhang, Shannon Woody, Yu Wang, Yasir Alsiraj, Richard Charnigo, Alan Daugherty and Lisa A. Cassis
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:12
  18. DNA methylation, which is most frequently the transference of a methyl group to the 5-carbon position of the cytosine in a CpG dinucleotide, plays an important role in both normal development and diseases. To ...

    Authors: Masatoshi Inoshita, Shusuke Numata, Atsushi Tajima, Makoto Kinoshita, Hidehiro Umehara, Hidenaga Yamamori, Ryota Hashimoto, Issei Imoto and Tetsuro Ohmori
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:11
  19. Sex differences in incidence of cardiovascular disease may reflect age-associated intravascular cellular activation resulting in shedding of cell membrane-derived bioactive microvesicles (MV or microparticles)...

    Authors: Callie M Gustafson, Alex J Shepherd, Virginia M Miller and Muthuvel Jayachandran
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:10
  20. Sex differences in pituitary growth hormone (GH) are well documented and coordinate maturation and growth. GH and its receptor are also produced in the brain where they may impact cognitive function and synapt...

    Authors: Kayla M Quinnies, Paul J Bonthuis, Erin P Harris, Savera RJ Shetty and Emilie F Rissman
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:8
  21. In mammals, white adipose tissue (WAT) stores fat and brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates fat to produce heat. Several studies showed that females have more active BAT. Members of the bone morphogenetic prot...

    Authors: Aldo Grefhorst, Johanna C van den Beukel, E Leonie AF van Houten, Jacobie Steenbergen, Jenny A Visser and Axel PN Themmen
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:7
  22. It is now becoming widely recognized that there are important sex differences in disease. These include rates of disease incidence, symptoms and age of onset. These differences between the sexes can be seen as...

    Authors: Edward H Morrow
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:5
  23. Differences in expression of drug transporters in human kidney contribute to changes in pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics of a variety of drug compounds. The basal expression levels of genes involved in drug...

    Authors: Stancy Joseph, Tamara J Nicolson, George Hammons, Beverly Word, Bridgett Green-Knox and Beverly Lyn-Cook
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:4
  24. During early development, testosterone plays an important role in sexual differentiation of the mammalian brain and has enduring influences on behavior. Testosterone exerts these influences at times when the t...

    Authors: Melissa Hines, Mihaela Constantinescu and Debra Spencer
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:3
  25. The lifetime incidence of kidney stones is about two times greater in men compared to women. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) shed from activated cells are present in the urine and may reflect or even mediate rena...

    Authors: Muthuvel Jayachandran, Ghiara Lugo, Hillary Heiling, Virginia M Miller, Andrew D Rule and John C Lieske
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:2
  26. Growing evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation may play a role in susceptibilities to specific toxicities and adverse drug reactions. MiRNAs in particular have been shown to be importa...

    Authors: Joshua C Kwekel, Vikrant Vijay, Varsha G Desai, Carrie L Moland and James C Fuscoe
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2015 6:1
  27. Human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) are widely used to study the endothelial physiology and pathology that might be involved in sex and gender differences detected at the cardiovascular level. This stud...

    Authors: Roberta Addis, Ilaria Campesi, Marco Fois, Giampiero Capobianco, Salvatore Dessole, Grazia Fenu, Andrea Montella, Maria Grazia Cattaneo, Lucia M Vicentini and Flavia Franconi
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:18
  28. Most animal species exhibit sexually dimorphic behaviors, many of which are linked to reproduction. A number of these behaviors, including blood feeding in female mosquitoes, contribute to the global spread of...

    Authors: Michael Tomchaney, Keshava Mysore, Longhua Sun, Ping Li, Scott J Emrich, David W Severson and Molly Duman-Scheel
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:10
  29. Supernumerary sex chromosome aneuploidies (sSCA) are characterized by the presence of one or more additional sex chromosomes in an individual’s karyotype; they affect around 1 in 400 individuals. Although ther...

    Authors: Benjamin SC Wade, Shantanu H Joshi, Martin Reuter, Jonathan D Blumenthal, Arthur W Toga, Paul M Thompson and Jay N Giedd
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:16
  30. In May of 2014, the NIH Director together with the Director of the Office of Research on Women’s Health announced plans to take a multi-dimensional approach to address the over reliance on male cells and anima...

    Authors: Louise D McCullough, Geert J de Vries, Virginia M Miller, Jill B Becker, Kathryn Sandberg and Margaret M McCarthy
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:15
  31. Joint diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) predominantly afflict post-menopausal women, suggesting a pertinent role for female hormones. Estrogen receptor beta (ER-β) has been detected in connective tissues of...

    Authors: John D Thaler, Yamini Achari, Ting Lu, Nigel G Shrive and David A Hart
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:14
  32. The pressor response to angiotensin II (AngII) is attenuated in adult females as compared to males via an angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R)-dependent pathway. We hypothesized that adult female mice are protected...

    Authors: Katrina M Mirabito, Lucinda M Hilliard, Geoffrey A Head, Robert E Widdop and Kate M Denton
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:13
  33. There is increasing appreciation for sexually dimorphic effects, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are only partially understood. In the present study, we explored transcriptomics and epige...

    Authors: Wilma T Steegenga, Mona Mischke, Carolien Lute, Mark V Boekschoten, Maurien GM Pruis, Agnes Lendvai, Henkjan J Verkade, Jos Boekhorst, Harro M Timmerman, Torsten Plösch and Michael Müller
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:11
  34. Biologic sex can influence response to pharmacologic therapy. The purpose of this proof-of-concept study was to evaluate the medicating effects of estrogen in the efficacy of acute antiplatelet loading therapy...

    Authors: Dawn M Meyer, Jo-Ann Eastwood, M Peggy Compton, Karen Gylys and Justin A Zivin
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:9
  35. The biological basis for sex differences in brain function and disease susceptibility is poorly understood. Examining the role of gonadal hormones in brain sexual differentiation may provide important informat...

    Authors: Negar M Ghahramani, Tuck C Ngun, Pao-Yang Chen, Yuan Tian, Sangitha Krishnan, Stephanie Muir, Liudmilla Rubbi, Arthur P Arnold, Geert J de Vries, Nancy G Forger, Matteo Pellegrini and Eric Vilain
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:8
  36. Searches for sex and gender-specific publications are complicated by the absence of a specific algorithm within search engines and by the lack of adequate archives to collect the retrieved results. We previous...

    Authors: Sabine Oertelt-Prigione, Björn-Oliver Gohlke, Mathias Dunkel, Robert Preissner and Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:7
  37. Large-scale gene dose reductions usually lead to abnormal phenotypes or death. However, male mammals, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis elegans have only one X chromosome and thus can be considered as monosomic for ...

    Authors: Zhen-Xia Chen, Kseniya Golovnina, Hina Sultana, Satish Kumar and Brian Oliver
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:5
  38. Multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders in the industrialized world. This disease afflicts more than two million peop...

    Authors: Elizabeth J Rahn, Tommaso Iannitti, Renee R Donahue and Bradley K Taylor
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:4
  39. An increasing body of evidence indicates that left ventricular (LV) remodeling, especially the degree of reactive myocardial hypertrophy after myocardial infarction (MI), differs in males and females. Surprisi...

    Authors: Eduard I Dedkov, Kunal Oak, Lance P Christensen and Robert J Tomanek
    Citation: Biology of Sex Differences 2014 5:1