Fig. 3

TLR7 and TLR8 evade X chromosome inactivation in the monocytes of men with Klinefelter syndrome. A RNA FISH analysis of CD14⁺ monocytes from men with KS (47,XXY). Confocal microscopy planes of cell nuclei hybridized with fluorescent probes for transcripts arising from TLR8 (red), TLR7 (green), and the Xa marker genes (pink). Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue). The arrow heads indicate TLR8 (top) or TLR7 (bottom) transcript foci occurring either on both X chromosomes (right) or on the Xi only (left). B, C Quantification of XCI escape for TLR7 and TLR8. The forest plots show the percentage of XCI escape and its 95% CI in KS men (n = 5). The meta-analytical group mean and 95% CI is denoted by the red diamond