Skip to main content

Table 2 Biological processes associated with sex-specific protein profiles

From: Sex-based differences in cardiovascular proteomic profiles and their associations with adverse outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure

A. Top 5 enriched biological processes in women*

ID

Name

p-value

Genes [# selected genes / # in annotation]

GO:0030198

Extracellular matrix organization

< 0.001

[10/107]: MMP7, EGFL6, ANTXR1, COL11A2, PTK2, TNFRSF11B, COL13A1, Gal-3, MATN2, A2AP

GO:0043062

Extracellular structure organization

< 0.001

[10/107]: MMP7, EGFL6, ANTXR1, COL11A2, PTK2, TNFRSF11B, COL13A1, Gal-3, MATN2, A2AP

GO:0045229

External encapsulating structure organization

< 0.001

[10/107]: MMP7, EGFL6, ANTXR1, COL11A2, PTK2, TNFRSF11B, COL13A1, Gal-3, MATN2, A2AP

GO:0043568

Positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway

< 0.001

[3/7]: IGF-1, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4

GO:0031104

Dendrite regeneration

0.003

[2/3]: PTN, MATN2

B. Top 5 enriched biological processes in men*

ID

Name

p-value

Genes [# in selection / # in annotation]

GO:0043065

Positive regulation of apoptotic process

0.002

[9/164]: PSA, NELL1, GCPII, HMOX1, SMPD1, CTSD, Agrin, IGF2R, ATF6

GO:0043068

Positive regulation of programmed cell death

0.002

[9/166]: PSA, NELL1, GCPII, HMOX1, SMPD1, CTSD, Agrin, IGF2R, ATF6

GO:0010942

Positive regulation of cell death

0.004

[9/182]: PSA, NELL1, GCPII, HMOX1, SMPD1, CTSD, Agrin, IGF2R, ATF6

GO:0050881

Musculoskeletal movement

0.001

[2/9]: Mb, COMP

GO:0050879

Multicellular organismal movement

0.001

[2/9]: Mb, COMP

  1. *Gene-enrichment analysis was performed using ToppGene Suite for the proteins that remained significantly different between women and men. The overrepresentation analysis was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) processes, providing a computational representation of biological processes enriched in the set of significant proteins against all cardiovascular disease-related proteins on the SOMAscan assay. Additional file 1: Fig S3 shows a graphical representation of other biological processes, beyond the top 5, associated with the sex-specific protein profiles