Fig. 1

Molecular docking analysis of BPA and AR or ESR1 molecules. Direct interactions between BPA and androgen receptor (AR) (a) or estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) (b) were analyzed using Discovery Studio 2020 and AutoDock 4.2 software. The 3D structures of BPA (red) and the ligands (green) were obtained from the NCBI PubChem database, and the structures of AR and ERalpha (ESR1) were obtained from the RCSB PDB Protein Data Bank database. The amino acids interacting with the BPA molecule and types of interactions were also demonstrated