Table 1 Characteristics of study patients
Characteristic | Male (n = 1141) | Female (n = 697) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 54.0 ± 11.5 | 56.9 ± 10.6 | < 0.001 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.7 ± 3.02 | 24.7 ± 3.8 | 0.839 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 127 ± 18 | 123 ± 19 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 78.2 ± 12.4 | 75.0 ± 11.7 | < 0.001 |
Cardiovascular risk factor | |||
Hypertension | 437 (38.3) | 260 (37.3) | 0.659 |
Diabetes mellitus | 121 (10.6) | 56 (8.0) | 0.067 |
Dyslipidemia | 176 (15.5) | 124 (17.8) | 0.188 |
Previous CAD | 147 (12.9) | 74 (10.6) | 0.142 |
Current smoking | 465 (41.5) | 37 (5.4) | < 0.001 |
Alcohol drinking | 655 (57.4) | 107 (15.4) | < 0.001 |
Clinical diagnosis | |||
Angina | 1,036 (90.9) | 639 (91.9) | 0.433 |
Acute myocardial infarction | 25 (2.2) | 9 (1.3) | 0.166 |
Cardiac arrest | 21 (1.8) | 6 (0.9) | 0.091 |
Syncope | 18 (1.6) | 4 (0.6) | 0.055 |
Ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation | 9 (0.8) | 3 (0.4) | 0.552 |
Atrioventricular block | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0.999 |
Laboratory finding | |||
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.5 ± 1.5 | 12.8 ± 1.2 | < 0.001 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.88 ± 0.38 | 0.64 ± 0.16 | < 0.001 |
Glucose, mg/dL | 114 ± 39 | 106 ± 35 | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 171 ± 36 | 178 ± 36 | < 0.001 |
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 101 ± 31 | 106 ± 31 | 0.004 |
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 44.3 ± 12.1 | 50.3 ± 13.0 | < 0.001 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL | 156 ± 111 | 122 ± 89 | < 0.001 |
Left ventricular EF, % | 64.2 ± 6.8 | 64.8 ± 6.3 | 0.073 |
ECG finding | |||
Normal sinus rhythm | 1,013 (88.9) | 646 (92.7) | 0.007 |
Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter | 19 (1.7) | 10 (1.4) | 0.699 |
Ventricular tachycardia | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 0.529 |
Ventricular fibrillation | 8 (0.7) | 3 (0.4) | 0.549 |
Atrioventricular block | 13 (1.1) | 7 (1.0) | 0.999 |
ST segment elevation | 93 (8.2) | 9 (1.3) | < 0.001 |
ST segment depression | 12 (1.1) | 5 (0.7) | 0.468 |
T inversion | 21 (1.8) | 25 (3.6) | 0.020 |
CAG finding | |||
Atherosclerosis of total coronary artery | |||
Any | 448 (39.3) | 191 (27.5) | < 0.001 |
Significant (> 50%) | 159 (13.9) | 60 (8.6) | 0.001 |
LM atherosclerosis | |||
Any | 14 (1.2) | 5 (0.7) | 0.296 |
Significant (> 50%) | 0 | 0 | 1.000 |
Mean stenosis | 28.5 ± 6.3 | 24.0 ± 5.4 | 1.670 |
LAD atherosclerosis | |||
Any | 304 (26.7) | 140 (20.1) | 0.002 |
Significant (> 50%) | 100 (8.8) | 41 (5.9) | 0.025 |
Mean stenosis | 36.7 ± 16.9 | 36.2 ± 16.0 | 0.801 |
LCX atherosclerosis | |||
Any | 142 (12.5) | 47 (6.8) | < 0.001 |
Significant (> 50%) | 38 (3.3) | 10 (1.4) | 0.014 |
Mean stenosis | 37.1 ± 16.9 | 33.0 ± 16.0 | 0.203 |
RCA atherosclerosis | |||
Any | 219 (19.2) | 89 (12.8) | < 0.001 |
Significant (> 50%) | 54 (4.7) | 16 (2.3) | 0.008 |
Mean stenosis | 36.4 ± 18.3 | 32.2 ± 14.9 | 0.039 |
Result of ergonovine provocation test | < 0.001 | ||
Definite | 493 (43.2) | 178 (25.5) | |
Intermediate | 648 (56.8) | 519 (74.5) | |
Discharge medication | |||
Antiplatelet | 574 (50.3) | 287 (41.2) | < 0.001 |
Calcium channel blocker | |||
Dihydropyridine | 258 (22.6) | 133 (19.1) | 0.073 |
Non-dihydropyridine | 864 (75.7) | 531 (76.2) | 0.823 |
RAS blocker | 228 (20.0) | 101 (14.5) | 0.003 |
Beta-blocker | 68 (6.0) | 49 (7.0) | 0.362 |
Nitrate | 216 (18.9) | 128 (18.4) | 0.763 |
Nicorandil | 442 (38.7) | 235 (33.7) | 0.030 |
Molsidomine | 167 (14.6) | 102 (14.6) | 0.999 |
Trimetazidime | 103 (9.0) | 101 (14.5) | < 0.001 |
Statin | 576 (50.5) | 315 (45.2) | 0.028 |