Fig. 7
From: Potential adverse effects of botanical supplementation in high-fat-fed female mice
PMI5011 and bitter melon modulate lipid accumulation in high-fat-fed female mice: H&E staining indicates that both PMI5011 and bitter melon induce alterations in lipid accumulation in the mixed gastrocnemius muscle and liver (a, c). Triglyceride assays showed that PMI5011 induced statistically significant reductions in triglyceride content in mixed gastrocnemius muscle (b). Bitter melon resulted in a trend (p = 0.06) toward reduction in liver triglyceride accumulation whereas PMI5011 induced a non-significant increase in hepatic triglyceride levels although lipid accumulation was not readily apparent with H&E staining on the females fed a high-fat diet alone (d). PMI5011 supplementation induced some transcriptional regulation in a set of autophagic genes in the skeletal muscle and liver, although this effect was not as pronounced as that observed in response to bitter melon supplementation (e, f). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, as determined by unpaired two-tailed t test. Variability is expressed as mean ± SD