Fig. 3

Parallel comparison of male (n = 9–10) and female (n = 9–10) body weight, body composition and glucose tolerance after vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and Sham-VSG (Sham) surgeries. a Body mass was significantly lower from postoperative day 6 to day 165 b. Body mass was significantly lower from postoperative day 6 to day 165 c. Male lean body mass was significantly lower 4 wks but not at 16 wks postoperatively in VSG vs. Sham groups. d % lean mass in males was not significantly different at any time point in VSG vs. sham groups. e & f Female absolute and relative (%) lean body mass was not significantly different between groups at any time point. g, h Male absolute (g) and relative (%) fat mass were significantly lower in VSG vs. Sham at 4 and 16wks postoperatively. i, j Female absolute and relative (%) fat mass were significantly lower in VSG vs. Sham at 4 and 16wks postoperatively. k Basal blood glucose after 6 h fasting was significantly lower in VSG vs. Sham in both males and females. l Blood glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test were significantly lower in VSG vs. sham in males only. m Integrated glucose area under the curver during the OGTT in H. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Data are presented as mean ± SEM