Fig. 1

CL treatment induces brown adipocyte maker UCP1 expression in gWAT female specifically. a, b Immunoblot (a) and quantitative PCR (b) analysis of UCP1 expression in gWAT of male and female mice treated with CL for 3 days and untreated control mice. Two-way ANOVA revealed significant main effects of sex in UCP1 expression (a: p = 0.012, b: p = 0.032) and significant interaction of sex and treatment (a: p = 0.012, b: p = 0.033). Significant differences between male and female were determined by post hoc pairwise comparison with Bonferroni correction (p = 0.012, mean ± SEM; n = 4, **p < 0.01). c Representative images of UCP1 immunostaining in paraffin sections of gWAT from male and female mice treated with CL for 3 days and untreated control mice. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Size bar = 20 μm