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Fig. 3 | Biology of Sex Differences

Fig. 3

From: Comparative developmental genomics of sex-biased gene expression in early embryogenesis across mammals

Fig. 3

Sex-differentially expressed (sexDEGs) genes across early embryonic stages of mouse and human. A The number and direction (female-biased in red; male-biased in blue) of sex-differentially expressed genes (sexDEGs) are shown across sampled embryonic stages in mouse and human. The number of sex-biased genes (orange) is relatively small compared to the total number of expressed genes (green) or non-expressed genes (gray), as seen in the pie-charts. B Heatmap of the 20 most female-biased genes (top, red) and the 20 most male-biased genes (bottom, blue) for mouse (left) and human (right). Color intensity indicates log-fold change obtained from a Wald test for differential expression. X-, and Y-linked genes are indicated by, respectively, short red and purple lines. A pair of orthologs found among these highly sex-biased genes in mouse and human are indicated. Upset plots displaying the number of unique and shared (intersecting) sexDEGs across mouse and human developmental stages for C male-biased and D female-biased sexDEGs

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