| CU A− | CU A+ | MCI-AD | AD dementia | χ2/F (df) | P (η2) |
---|
N | 74 | 26 | 50 | 206 | | |
Female n (%) | 31 (41.9) | 15 (57.7) | 27 (54.0) | 121 (58.7) | 6.35 | 0.10 |
Age | 72.2 (6.1) | 72.2 (5.9) | 71.5 (4.7) | 70.0 (6.7) | 2.64 | 0.45d |
APOE ε4 n (%)f | 20 (28.6) | 16 (69.6)a | 40 (85.1)a | 139 (76.8)a | 61.63 | < 0.01 |
Education | 14.8 (3.5) | 12.4 (3.1)a | 13.1 (3.8) | 12.2 (3.7)a | 8.95 (3) | < 0.01 |
MMSE | 29.2 (1.0) | 29.0 (0.8) | 26.3 (3.3)a, b | 22.2 (4.3)a−c | 192.1 | < 0.01d |
CDT | 4.8 (0.5) | 4.7 (0.6) | 4.1 (1.0) | 3.3 (1.5) | 33.45 (4) | 0.94 |
CDR-SB | NA | NA | 1.9 (1.4) | 4.4 (2.0)c | | < 0.01e |
CSF Aβ42 | 806.7 (137.6) | 443.2 (76.2) | 537.9 (92.0) | 512.4 (101.9) | | NA |
CSF p-tau | 57.4 (17.7) | 58.0 (22.2) | 86.6 (36.2) | 98.8 (43.4) | | NA |
T + | 26 (35.1) | 11 (42.3) | 28 (56.0)a | 138 (67.0)a, b | 25.14 | < 0.01 |
CSF t-tau | 349.8 (123.2) | 365.8 (170.9) | 627 (284.6) | 766.4 (378.6) | | NA |
N + | 32 (43.3) | 11 (42.3) | 35 (70.0)a, b | 158 (76.7)a, b | 34.58 | < 0.01 |
- Data reported is mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise indicated. P-values are for comparisons between all four groups using χ2 (categorical variables) or ANOVA (continuous variables), unless otherwise specified. Significant differences in bold. Biomarkers are given in pg/mL. Comparison of biomarker levels between CU controls and patients is not applicable as different cut-offs were applied
- aSignificantly different from the CU A− group; bSignificantly different from the CU A + group; cSignificantly different form the MCI-AD group; dKruskal–Wallis test; eindependent samples t-test; fn = 321, 35 missing genotype. A+: biomarkers positive for Aβ pathology, Aβ amyloid-β, AD Alzheimer’s disease, ANOVA analysis of variance, APOE apolipoprotein E, CDR-SB clinical dementia rating scale sum of boxes, CDT clock drawing test, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, CU cognitively unimpaired, MCI mild cognitive impairment, MMSE mini-mental status examination, N + biomarkers positive for neurodegeneration, p-tau phosphorylated tau, T + biomarkers positive for tau pathology, t-tau total tau