Fig. 4
Diet effects on inflammation-related gene changes in the hippocampus are sex-specific. Relative expression of mRNA of Iba1 (A), inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (B) and TNF-α (C), anti-inflammatory factor Arg1 (D) and pro-resolution factors: AnxA1 (E) and its receptor FPR2 (F). mRNA levels were quantified using the ΔΔCq method and reported as fold change relative to the males on a Ctrl diet with a sham surgery. Data are represented as mean + SEM. 2-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test *p < 0.05 effect of diet. 3-way ANOVA results are reported under the graph *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Correlation of IL-1β expression with the % time spent in the target quadrant during the probe trial of the Morris water maze as a readout for spatial memory (G). Correlation analyzed using simple linear regression for each sex with r2 and p values noted for each. n = 4–8 mice/group. Ctrl control diet, HFD high fat diet