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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of men and women, stratified by incident open-angle glaucoma during follow-up

From: Higher testosterone is associated with open-angle glaucoma in women: a genetic predisposition?

 

Men

Women

No iOAG (N = 3321)

iOAG (N = 92)

P-value

No iOAG (N = 4390)

iOAG (N = 95)

P-value

Age, years

61.9 (7.3)

65.9 (6.8)

 < 0.001*

62.5 (7.9)

65.6 (7.3)

 < 0.001*

IOP, mmHg

14.1 (3.0)

16.3 (3.9)

 < 0.001*

14.1 (2.9)

16.1 (3.8)

 < 0.001*

Peripapillary RNFL, μma

77.2 (17.2)

60.2 (16.9)

0.06

80.4 (16.1)

58.9 (36.9)

 < 0.001*

Peripapillary GCL + , μma

39.8 (9.3)

31.7 (14.8)

0.34

40.9 (10.1)

29.6 (22.1)

0.03*

Macular RNFL, μma

32.7 (7.9)

27.0 (15.4)

0.32

32.7 (7.9)

19.8 (21.8)

0.10

Macular GCL + , μma

69.5 (9.0)

61.5 (13.6)

0.19

69.6 (8.8)

54.8 (22.5)

0.007*

BMI, kg/m2

26.8 (3.4)

26.2 (2.8)

0.08

27.1 (4.4)

26.3 (3.7)

0.09

Follow-up time, years

9.7 (5.3)

10.2 (5.3)

0.40

9.9 (5.5)

10.8 (5.5)

0.14

Current smoker, N (%)

880 (26.6)

22 (23.9)

0.39

854 (19.5)

21 (22.1)

0.81

Physical activity, MET hours/week

− 0.2 (0.9)

− 0.2 (0.9)

0.98

0.2 (0.9)

0.3 (0.9)

0.20

Energy intake, kcal/day

2375.5 (608.5)

2325.7 (489.8)

0.50

1932.1 (521.0)

1796.7 (413.7)

0.02*

Hypertension, N (%)

1816 (55.0)

53 (58.9)

0.27

2297 (52.3)

48 (50.5)

0.43

Diabetes mellitus, N (%)

644 (19.5)

16 (17.4)

0.37

656 (14.9)

20 (21.1)

0.08

Cholesterol, mmol/L

5.9 (1.2)

6.0 (1.1)

0.37

6.3 (1.2)

6.5 (1.3)

0.10

Total testosterone, nmol/L

17.3 (6.0)

16.8 (6.5)

0.41

0.9 (0.6)

1.0 (0.8)

0.18

Bioavailable testosterone, nmol/L

6.9 (2.1)

6.1 (2.1)

 < 0.001*

0.3 (0.2)

0.3 (0.3)

0.22

Free testosterone, ng/dL

8.5 (2.6)

7.5 (2.5)

 < 0.001*

0.3 (0.2)

0.4 (0.3)

0.22

GRS total testosterone

10.0 (0.3)

10.1 (0.3)

0.02*

10.0 (0.3)

10.0 (0.2)

0.51

GRS bioavailable testosterone

5.3 (0.2)

5.3 (0.2)

0.68

6.5 (0.2)

6.6 (0.2)

0.04*

  1. Characteristics are presented as mean (standard deviation) unless stated otherwise. *P-value < 0.05; aData only available for a small subset of participants and presented as median (interquartile range). iOAG incident open-angle glaucoma, N number, IOP intraocular pressure, RNFL retinal nerve fiber layer, GCL + ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer, BMI body mass index, MET metabolic equivalent of task, GRS genetic risk score