From: Higher testosterone is associated with open-angle glaucoma in women: a genetic predisposition?
 | Men | Women | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No iOAG (N = 3321) | iOAG (N = 92) | P-value | No iOAG (N = 4390) | iOAG (N = 95) | P-value | |
Age, years | 61.9 (7.3) | 65.9 (6.8) |  < 0.001* | 62.5 (7.9) | 65.6 (7.3) |  < 0.001* |
IOP, mmHg | 14.1 (3.0) | 16.3 (3.9) |  < 0.001* | 14.1 (2.9) | 16.1 (3.8) |  < 0.001* |
Peripapillary RNFL, μma | 77.2 (17.2) | 60.2 (16.9) | 0.06 | 80.4 (16.1) | 58.9 (36.9) |  < 0.001* |
Peripapillary GCL + , μma | 39.8 (9.3) | 31.7 (14.8) | 0.34 | 40.9 (10.1) | 29.6 (22.1) | 0.03* |
Macular RNFL, μma | 32.7 (7.9) | 27.0 (15.4) | 0.32 | 32.7 (7.9) | 19.8 (21.8) | 0.10 |
Macular GCL + , μma | 69.5 (9.0) | 61.5 (13.6) | 0.19 | 69.6 (8.8) | 54.8 (22.5) | 0.007* |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.8 (3.4) | 26.2 (2.8) | 0.08 | 27.1 (4.4) | 26.3 (3.7) | 0.09 |
Follow-up time, years | 9.7 (5.3) | 10.2 (5.3) | 0.40 | 9.9 (5.5) | 10.8 (5.5) | 0.14 |
Current smoker, N (%) | 880 (26.6) | 22 (23.9) | 0.39 | 854 (19.5) | 21 (22.1) | 0.81 |
Physical activity, MET hours/week | − 0.2 (0.9) | − 0.2 (0.9) | 0.98 | 0.2 (0.9) | 0.3 (0.9) | 0.20 |
Energy intake, kcal/day | 2375.5 (608.5) | 2325.7 (489.8) | 0.50 | 1932.1 (521.0) | 1796.7 (413.7) | 0.02* |
Hypertension, N (%) | 1816 (55.0) | 53 (58.9) | 0.27 | 2297 (52.3) | 48 (50.5) | 0.43 |
Diabetes mellitus, N (%) | 644 (19.5) | 16 (17.4) | 0.37 | 656 (14.9) | 20 (21.1) | 0.08 |
Cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.9 (1.2) | 6.0 (1.1) | 0.37 | 6.3 (1.2) | 6.5 (1.3) | 0.10 |
Total testosterone, nmol/L | 17.3 (6.0) | 16.8 (6.5) | 0.41 | 0.9 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.8) | 0.18 |
Bioavailable testosterone, nmol/L | 6.9 (2.1) | 6.1 (2.1) |  < 0.001* | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.3) | 0.22 |
Free testosterone, ng/dL | 8.5 (2.6) | 7.5 (2.5) |  < 0.001* | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.4 (0.3) | 0.22 |
GRS total testosterone | 10.0 (0.3) | 10.1 (0.3) | 0.02* | 10.0 (0.3) | 10.0 (0.2) | 0.51 |
GRS bioavailable testosterone | 5.3 (0.2) | 5.3 (0.2) | 0.68 | 6.5 (0.2) | 6.6 (0.2) | 0.04* |