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Table 3 Anthropometric characteristics and biochemical parameters of women subjects according to FLI categories (n = 13,846)

From: Sex and age differences in the association of fatty liver index-defined non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with cardiometabolic risk factors: a cross-sectional study

Women characteristics

FLI < 30

n = 10,960 (79.16%)

FLI 30–59

n = 1937 (14%)

FLI ≥ 60

n = 948 (6.85%)

*p value

Age (years)

39.01 (10.46)

44.07 (10.24)

40.05 (10.60)

< 0.001a, c

Social class

< 0.001

 High

3832 (35.0%)

507 (26.2%)

232 (24.5%)

a, c

 Low

7128 (65.0%)

1430 (73.8%)

716 (75.5%)

a, c

Smoking status

< 0.001

 Never

6572 (60.0%)

1185 (61.2%)

606 (63.9%)

 

 Former

1465 (13.4%)

307 (15.8%)

146 (15.4%)

a

 Current

2923 (26.7%)

445 (23.0%)

196 (20.7%)

a, c

BMI (kg/m2)

23.23 (3.35)

31.05 (3.30)

36.39 (4.75)

< 0.001a, b, c

BMI categories

< 0.001

 Normal weight

7701 (70.3%)

45 (2.3%)

2 (0.2%)

a, b, c

 Overweight

3045 (27.8%)

653 (33.7%)

37 (3.9%)

b, c

 Obese

214 (2.0%)

1,239 (64.0%)

909 (95.9%)

a, b, c

WC (cm)

73.34 (5.63)

84.46 (5.59)

88.09 (4.73)

< 0.001a, b, c

SBP (mmHg)

112.76 (14.50)

121.67 (16.67)

127.09 (17.75)

< 0.001a, b, c

DBP (mmHg)

70.22 (9.81)

75.49 (10.95)

79.22 (11.14)

< 0.001a, b, c

BP categories

< 0.001

 Normal

8948 (81.6%)

1141 (58.9%)

421 (44.4%)

a, b, c

 Prehypertension

880 (8.0%)

241 (12.4%)

135 (14.2%)

a, b, c

 Hypertension

1132 (10.3%)

555 (28.7%)

392 (41.4%)

a, b, c

FPG (mg/dL)

86.07 (13.63)

93.01 (22.74)

99.73 (30.05)

< 0.001a, b, c

Diabetes categories

< 0.001

 Normal

9999 (91.2%)

1485 (76.7%)

589 (62.1%)

a, b, c

 Prediabetes

735 (6.7%)

293 (15.1%)

206 (21.7%)

a, b, c

 Diabetes

226 (2.1%)

159 (8.2%)

153 (16.1%)

a, b, c

GGT (UI/L)

16.63 (9.43)

25.70 (25.57)

37.17 (37.20)

< 0.001a, b, c

AST (IU/L)d

17.17 (7.45)

19.64 (11.00)

21.63 (10.72)

< 0.001a, b, c

ALT (IU/L)e

17.68 (10.16)

22.01 (16.98)

27.50 (18.88)

< 0.001a, b, c

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

189.76 (34.77)

203.57 (35.48)

210.77 (38.79)

< 0.001a, b, c

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

59.81 (11.68)

55.57 (10.53)

53.12 (9.93)

< 0.001a, b, c

TG (mg/dL)

83.04 (34.43)

119.89 (53.59)

158.81 (88.95)

< 0.001 a,b,c

Dyslipidemia

< 0.001

 No

10,392 (94.8%)

1559 (80.5%)

625 (65.9%)

a, b, c

 Yes

568 (5.2%)

378 (19.5%)

323 (34.1%)

a, b, c

Presence of MetS

19 (0.2%)

249 (12.9%)

408 (43.0%)

< 0.001a, b, c

REGICOR

< 0.001

 Low risk

6487 (59.2%)

1177 (60.8%)

488 (51.5%)

b, c

 Moderated risk

550 (5.0%)

353 (18.2%)

203 (21.4%)

a, b, c

 High risk

42 (0.4%)

43 (2.2%)

53 (5.6%)

a, b, c

 Severe risk

1 (0.0%)

1 (0.1%)

5 (0.5%)

b, c

  1. Data are expressed as mean (standard deviation) and as count (percentage)
  2. FLI: fatty liver index; BMI: body mass index; BMI categories: normal weight (BMI 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25 to 29.9 kg/m2), obese (BM I ≥ 30 kg/m2). WC: waist circumference; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; BP: blood pressure; BP categories: normal BP (SBP < 130 and/or DBP < 85 mmHg), prehypertension (SBP 130 to 139 and/or DBP 85 to 89 mmHg), hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or with antihypertensive treatment); FPG: fasting plasma glucose; diabetes categories: normal (FPG < 100), prediabetes (FPG 100 to 125), diabetes (FPG > 125 and/or antidiabetic treatment); GGT: γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; TG: triglycerides, dyslipidemia: no (TG < 150 and/or HDL < 40 mg/dL in men, < 46 mg/dL in women), yes (TG ≥ 150 and/or HDL ≥ 40 mg/dL in men, ≥ 46 mg/dL in women); MetS, metabolic syndrome according to the IDF; Framingham-REGICOR: low risk (< 5%), moderate risk(5–9.9%), high risk (10–14.9%), severe risk (> 15%)
  3. *p values obtained by one-way ANOVA for continuous variables or by Chi-square for categorical variables
  4. Post hoc test by Bonferroni: asignificant difference between FLI < 30 and FLI 30–59; bsignificant difference between FLI 30–59 and FLI ≥ 60; csignificant difference between FLI < 30 and FLI ≥ 60
  5. dAST available for n = 8259 (FLI < 30 n = 6939; FLI 30–59 n = 1246; FLI ≥ 60 n = 620)
  6. eALT available for n = 13,829 (FLI < 30 n = 10,951; FLI 30–59 n = 1932; FLI ≥ 60 n = 946)