Table 2 Descriptions of self-report measures
Measure | Description |
|---|---|
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire | The NEQ is a validated 4-item scale in which participants were asked to rate the strength of nicotine, experience of a head rush, as well as the good and bad effects of nicotine on a 0–100 sliding scale [47] |
Nicotine Withdrawal Symptom Checklist | The NWSC (also known as the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale) is a validated 8-item scale of withdrawal symptoms, such as irritability, anxiety, insomnia, and depression, rated on a 5-point scale [48] |
Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief | The QSU-Brief is a validated 10-item scale in which participants rate the extent to which they agree with statements related to smoking urges and cravings on a 7-point scale [49] |
Questionnaire on Smoking Urges | The QSU is a longer, 32-item version of the QSU-Brief in which participants rate items on a 7-point scale [50] |
Profile of Mood States | The POMS is a 65-item questionnaire that measures six mood states: tension–anxiety, depression–dejection, anger–hostility, confusion–bewilderment, fatigue, and vigor [51] |