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Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants

From: Sex differences in clinical cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies: a Chinese multicenter study

Characteristics a

All

Men

Women

t/Z/χ2

p-value

 

n = 1038

n = 514

n = 524

  

Age at last visit, mean (SD), y

69.89 ± 8.45

70.18 ± 8.26

69.61 ± 8.63

− 1.26

0.21

Age at CI, mean (SD), y

67.78 ± 8.14

68.17 ± 7.92

67.39 ± 8.34

− 1.63

0.10

Age at PARKb, mean (SD), y

66.78 ± 8.14

66.83 ± 9.04

66.16 ± 9.57

− 0.13

0.26

Interval between CI and PARKb,

mean (SD), y

2.95 ± 2.56

2.96 ± 2.61

2.93 ± 2.50

− 0.15

0.88

Education, mean (SD), y

8.90 ± 4.54

10.09 ± 4.00

7.73 ± 4.74

− 1.17

0.24

Course of disease, mean (SD), y

3.05 ± 2.26

3.15 ± 2.40

2.95 ± 2.12

− 7.50

0.000

Cardiometabolic conditionsc

     

 Hypertension

275 (32.54%)

127 (31.28%)

148 (33.71%)

0.57

0.45

 T2DM

100 (11.83%)

50 (12.32%)

50 (11.39%)

0.17

0.68

 Heart disease

116 (13.73%)

52 (12.81%)

64 (14.58%)

0.56

0.46

 Stroke

109 (12.90%)

65 (16.01%)

44 (10.02%)

6.73

0.009

Smokingc

139 (16.45%)

118 (29.06%)

21 (4.78%)

90.48

0.000

Alcohol consumptionc

109 (12.90%)

97 (23.89%)

12 (2.73%)

84.04

0.000

APOE ɛ4 carriersd

56 (33.53%)

17 (30.91%)

39 (34.82%)

0.25

0.62

MTA scores, mean (SD)e

     

 Left

1.19 ± 0.73

1.20 ± 0.77

1.18 ± 0.70

− 0.03

0.98

 Right

1.18 ± 0.75

1.19 ± 0.79

1.18 ± 0.71

− 0.19

0.85

Fazekas scales, mean (SD)e

1.17 ± 0.69

1.16 ± 0.71

1.18 ± 0.68

− 0.57

0.57

C-MMSE, mean (SD)

17.86 ± 6.88

18.37 ± 7.07

17.36 ± 6.65

− 2.77

0.006

MoCA, mean (SD)

12.89 ± 6.51

13.44 ± 6.62

12.34 ± 6.35

− 2.76

0.006

ADL, mean (SD)

30.91 ± 12.86

30.47 ± 12.69

31.35 ± 13.02

− 1.66

0.10

CDR, mean (SD)

1.57 ± 0.83

1.53 ± 0.84

1.60 ± 0.83

− 1.40

0.16

NPI scores, mean (SD)f

12.93 ± 13.01

11.73 ± 12.44

13.93 ± 13.42

− 1.91

0.05

 Delusions

161 (35.94%)

71 (34.98%)

90 (36.73%)

0.15

0.67

 Hallucinations

336 (75.00%)

154 (75.86%)

182 (74.29%)

0.15

0.70

 Agitation

117 (26.12%)

51 (25.12%)

66 (26.94%)

0.19

0.66

 Depression

182 (40.63%)

64 (31.53%)

118 (48.15%)

12.74

0.000

 Anxiety

161 (35.94%)

70 (34.48%)

91 (37.14%)

0.34

0.56

 Euphoria

33 (7.37%)

17 (8.37%)

16 (6.53%)

0.55

0.46

 Apathy

172 (38.39%)

78 (38.42%)

94 (38.37%)

0.00

0.99

 Disinhibition

53 (11.83%)

23 (11.33%)

30 (12.24%)

0.09

0.77

 Irritability

154 (34.38%)

75 (36.95%)

79 (32.24%)

1.09

0.30

 Aberrant motor behavior

134 (29.91%)

58 (28.57%)

76 (31.02%)

0.32

0.57

 Night-time behavior disturbances

321 (71.65%)

153 (75.37%)

168 (68.57%)

2.53

0.11

 Appetite and eating abnormalities

112 (25.00%)

47 (23.15%)

65 (26.53%)

0.68

0.41

  1. Bold means that the significant P values
  2. P-value means the comparison between men and women by Mann–Whitney U test or χ2 test
  3. CI cognitive impairment, PARK parkinsonism, SD standard deviation, ML memory loss, MDs movement disorders, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, APOE apolipoprotein E, MTA medial temporal lobe atrophy, C-MMSE the Mini-Mental State Examination (Chinese version), MoCA the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, ADL the Activity of Daily Living Scale, CDR the clinical dementia rating, NPI the Neuropsychiatric Inventory
  4. aUnless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as number (%) of patients
  5. In the statistical analysis, b781 patients (418 men and 363 women) had parkinsonism and the information of interval between cognitive impairment and parkinsonism; c406 men and 439 women completed cardiometabolic conditions, smoking and alcohol consumption investigation; d55 men and 112 women underwent APOE genotype tests; e449 men and 473 women underwent MTA and Fazekas visual evaluation; f203 men and 245 women underwent NPI assessment