Fetal sex impacts birth to placental weight ratio and umbilical cord oxygen values with implications for regulatory mechanisms

Table 1 Pregnancy characteristics by fetal sex

	Males N = 35,749	Females N = 34,087
Maternal age (years)	29.0 ± 5.4	29.0 ± 5.3
Parity	0.84 ± 1.04	0.84 ± 1.04
Maternal BMI	24.7 ± 5.5	24.7 ± 5.6
Smoking (%)	10.1	10.1
Chronic hypertension (%)	1.3	1.3
Pregnancy induced hypertension (%)	9.9	9.4*
Gestational diabetes (%)	4.0	3.7
Overt diabetes (%)	0.9	0.9
PPROM (%)	2.3	2.0^p = 0.05
Gestational age categories		**
Near term delivery (%)	5.1	4.4
Term delivery (%)	76.8	78.1
Post-term delivery (%)	18.1	17.5

Data presented as percentages and means ± SD; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, vs respective Male value. BMI body mass index, PPROM preterm premature rupture of membranes, Near term delivery = 35 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks, Post-term delivery ≥ 41 weeks

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