Table 1 Summary of incorporation of sex as a biological variable into addiction medication study design, analysis, and efficacy outcomes (associated references in brackets)
From: Consideration of sex and gender differences in addiction medication response
Substance/target | SABV incorporated into any study design | SABV incorporated into any analysis | Sex difference in efficacy |
|---|---|---|---|
Nicotine | |||
 Nicotine replacement | No | Yes | W < M (26, 27) |
 Varenicline | No | Yes | W > M (31, 44, 48, 49) |
 Bupropion | No | Yes | W < M (30) |
 Cholinergic | No | Yes | W > M (cytisine) (50) |
 Antidepressants | No | Mixed | Mixed (56–61) |
 Noradrenergic | Yes | Yes | W > M (68, 74) |
 Antileptics | No | Yes (topiramate) | W < M (topiramate) (80) |
Alcohol | |||
 Naltrexone | No | Yes | W = M (108–110) |
 Acamprosate | No | Yes | W = M (112) |
 Disulfiram | No | No | Unknown |
 Cholinergic | No | Yes | W < M (115, 116) |
 Noradrenergic | No | Yes (doxazosin) | W = M (doxazosin) (120) |
 Baclofen | No | Yes | W > M (124) |
 Ondansetron | No | Yes | W > M (126) |
Cocaine | |||
 Disulfiram | No | Yes | W < M (147) |
 Naltrexone | No | Yes | W < M (152) |
 Dopaminergic | No | Yes (modafinil) | W < M (154) |
 Noradrenergic | Yes | Yes | W > M (156) |
Cannabis | |||
 Antidepressant/Anxiolytics | No | Mixed | Mixed (179, 180, 181) |
 Endocannabinoid targets | No | Yes (cannabidiol) | W = M (cannabidiol) (195) |
 N-Acetylcysteine | No | Yes | W = M (199, 200) |
Opioids | |||
 MAT | No | Mixed | W > M (buprenorphine) (214, 215) |
 Noradrenergic | No | No | No |