Sex differences in the human metabolome

Table 7 Sex differences identified in the urine metabolome (part 2)

		Adults						Children	Infants
First author and year		Chekmeneva E. 2018 [65]	De Paepe E. 2018 [66]	Fan S. 2018 [67]	Rist M. J. 2017 [56]	Slupsky C. M. 2007 [60]	Thévenot E. A. 2015 [61]	Lau C.-H. E. 2018 [54]	Scalabre A. 2017 [59]
Metabolite		Chekmeneva E. 2018 [65]	De Paepe E. 2018 [66]	Fan S. 2018 [67]	Rist M. J. 2017 [56]	Slupsky C. M. 2007 [60]	Thévenot E. A. 2015 [61]	Lau C.-H. E. 2018 [54]	Scalabre A. 2017 [59]
OA	2-Hydroxyglutaric acid			F
	2-Hydroxyphenyl acetic acid				M
	3,4-Dihydroxy phenylacetic acid		M
	4-Hydroxybutyric acid			M
	4-Deoxythreonic acid				M
	α-Ketoglutaric acid			M	F		F
	Capric acid			M
	Caprylic acid			M
	Citric acid	F		F	F	F	F
	Fumaric acid			F		F	F
	Heptadecanoic acid			M
	Malic acid			F			F
	Mevalonic acid						F
	Oxoglutaric acid						F
	Pantothenic acid						F
	Pelargonic acid			M
	Pyruvic acid						F
	Stearic acid			M
	Succinic acid			F
carbohydrates	D-Fructose		F		F
	Acetaminophen glucuronide						F
	Galactonic acid			F
	Gluconic acid						F
	Glucuronic acid						F
	Glyceric acid						F
	Lyxose			F
	Maltose			F
	Pentose						F
	Threonic acid						F
	UDP-glucuronic acid			M
	Xylose			F
Acylglycines	2-Methylhippuric acid						F
	3-Methylcrotonyl glycine						F
	Cinnamoylglycine						F
	Hippuric acid						F
	p-Hydroxyhippuric acid						F
	Tiglylglycine						F
	Valerylglycine						F
Xen	1-Methylurate	M
	1-Methylxantine	M
	Caffeine						F

M, higher levels of the metabolite identified in male individuals; F, higher levels of the metabolite identified in female individuals. Xen, xenobiotics

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