| Adults | Children | Infants | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First author and year | Dunn W. B. 2014 [38] | Mittelstrass K. 2011 [24] | Ruoppolo M. 2014 [15] | Saito K. 2016 [58] | Lau C.-H. E. 2018 [54] | Caterino M. 2021 [36] | Ruoppolo M. 2015 [57] | |
Metabolite | ||||||||
AA and analogues | Alanine | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | F | F |
Arginine | Â | M | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Asparagine | Â | Â | M | M | Â | Â | Â | |
Aspartate | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | F | F | |
BCAA | Â | Â | M | M | Â | Â | F | |
Citrulline | Â | Â | M | M | Â | F | F | |
Creatine | Â | Â | Â | F | Â | Â | Â | |
Creatinine | F | Â | Â | M | Â | Â | Â | |
Cysteine | Â | Â | Â | M | Â | Â | Â | |
Glutamine | Â | M | M | Â | Â | F | Â | |
Glutamate | Â | Â | M | M | Â | Â | F | |
Glycine | Â | F | Â | Â | Â | F | F | |
Histidine | Â | Â | M | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Lysine | Â | Â | Â | M | F | Â | Â | |
Methionine | Â | Â | M | M | Â | Â | F | |
Methionine sulfoxide | F | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Ornithine | Â | M | Â | M | F | Â | F | |
Phenylalanine | Â | Â | Â | M | Â | Â | F | |
Proline | Â | Â | M | M | Â | Â | Â | |
Serine | Â | F | Â | Â | F | Â | Â | |
Threonine | Â | Â | Â | M | Â | Â | Â | |
Tryptophan | Â | Â | F | M | Â | Â | Â | |
Tyrosine | F | Â | M | M | Â | F | F | |
Putrescine | Â | Â | Â | Â | F | Â | Â | |
S-Adenosyl homocysteine | Â | Â | Â | M | Â | Â | Â | |
Serotonin | Â | Â | Â | M | M | Â | Â | |
Caffeine | F | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |