From: Sex and age interaction in fundamental circulatory volumetric variables at peak working capacity
 | Young | Older | P for age comparison | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| P for sex |
|
| P for sex |
|
| |
Peak blood O2 carrying capacity | ||||||||
 Hbpeak (g dL−1) | 14.1 ± 1.2 | 16.9 ± 0.8* |  < 0.001 | 14.4 ± 0.8 | 15.9 ± 0.9* |  < 0.001 | 0.371 | 0.002 |
 Hctpeak (%) | 43.1 ± 3.7 | 51.8 ± 2.5* |  < 0.001 | 44.1 ± 2.3 | 48.8 ± 2.9* |  < 0.001 | 0.382 | 0.003 |
Peak hemodynamics | ||||||||
 SBPpeak (mm Hg) | 174.9 ± 33.2 | 185.0 ± 49.3 | 0.587 | 227.1 ± 52.3a | 231.1 ± 48.5a | 0.785 | 0.005 | 0.018 |
 DBPpeak (mm Hg) | 115.9 ± 40.9 | 85.7 ± 31.2 | 0.075 | 114.2 ± 29.4 | 115.1 ± 31.3a | 0.918 | 0.894 | 0.019 |
 MBPpeak (mm Hg) | 109.6 ± 27.1 | 111.0 ± 35.1 | 0.917 | 144.8 ± 35.2a | 148.7 ± 35.2a | 0.713 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
 SVRpeak (dyn s cm−5) | 810.1 ± 272.3 | 571.8 ± 209.4* | 0.038 | 1487.1 ± 796.6a | 1004.7 ± 268.2*a | 0.010 | 0.010 |  < 0.001 |
 HRpeak (bpm) | 168.8 ± 9.9 | 179.9 ± 9.41* | 0.005 | 146.4 ± 12.3a | 144.5 ± 13.5a | 0.586 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |
Peak echocardiography | ||||||||
 RApeak (mL m−2) | 14.52 ± 4.06 | 13.31 ± 4.04 | 0.437 | 12.77 ± 5.03 | 15.99 ± 7.55 | 0.066 | 0.267 | 0.223 |
 RV EDApeak (cm−2 m2) | 9.50 ± 1.72 | 10.54 ± 1.96 | 0.146 | 8.76 ± 1.85 | 10.72 ± 2.32* | 0.001 | 0.222 | 0.801 |
 RV ESApeak (cm2 m−2) | 3.94 ± 0.88 | 4.31 ± 0.90 | 0.283 | 3.66 ± 0.84 | 4.14 ± 1.44 | 0.138 | 0.315 | 0.687 |
 LApeak (mLl m−2) | 13.82 ± 5.08 | 12.60 ± 2.65 | 0.433 | 17.53 ± 6.83 | 18.75 ± 9.67a | 0.583 | 0.079 | 0.025 |
 LVEDVpeak (mL m−2) | 45.12 ± 10.25 | 54.10 ± 9.84* | 0.026 | 45.34 ± 8.97 | 55.23 ± 14.76* | 0.004 | 0.944 | 0.799 |
 LVESVpeak (mL m−2) | 8.24 ± 2.10 | 9.73 ± 2.45 | 0.095 | 9.80 ± 3.53 | 11.25 ± 4.32 | 0.170 | 0.135 | 0.232 |
 LVEFpeak (%) | 81.5 ± 3.2 | 81.51 ± 4.92 | 0.983 | 78.6 ± 5.9 | 79.6 ± 6.1 | 0.548 | 0.090 | 0.306 |
 SVpeak (mL m−2) | 36.90 ± 8.98 | 44.36 ± 9.81* | 0.046 | 35.54 ± 7.20 | 43.97 ± 12.54* | 0.003 | 0.595 | 0.921 |
 Qpeak (L min−1 m−2) | 6.17 ± 1.26 | 7.99 ± 1.86* | 0.006 | 5.19 ± 1.09a | 6.39 ± 2.12*a | 0.011 | 0.012 | 0.022 |
Peak pulmonary variables | ||||||||
 VO2peak (mL min−1) | 2699.7 ± 552.4 | 3826.9 ± 829.6* |  < 0.001 | 1818.0 ± 498.8a | 2607.4 ± 514.9*a |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |
 VO2peak (mL min−1 kg−1) | 41.7 ± 8.6 | 49.5 ± 11.5 | 0.051 | 30.3 ± 7.4a | 32.9 ± 7.6a | 0.186 |  < 0.001 |  < 0.001 |
 Vepeak (L min−1) | 56.8 ± 28.9 | 69.4 ± 38.6 | 0.337 | 58.3 ± 21.5 | 70.8 ± 30.8 | 0.081 | 0.857 | 0.900 |