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Table 1 Participant demographic characteristics

From: Sex-specific association of hair cortisol concentration with stress-related psychological factors in healthy young adults

Variable

Total (n = 205)

Men (n = 102)

Women (n = 103)

pd

Age, mean (SD), years

23.0 (2.6)

23.4 (2.5)

22.7 (2.6)

0.053

Education, n

 High school graduation

9

3

6

0.105

 College education (some)

141

78

63

 College graduation

46

19

27

 Graduate school education (some)

6

2

4

 Graduate school graduation

3

0

3

HCC, median (IQR), pg/μg

5578.2 (6093.8)

5256.3 (5985.3)

5787.8 (5963.7)

0.286

Stress-related psychological measures

 K-SRRSa, median (IQR)

316.5 (420.5)

298.5 (412.8)

333.5 (403.0)

0.371

 PSSb, mean (SD)

25.6 (5.7)

25.1 (5.6)

26.0 (5.8)

0.243

 BDIc, median (IQR)

3.0 (7.0)

3.0 (7.0)

4.0 (6.8)

0.098

 SAIb, mean (SD)

36.6 (9.1)

36.9 (9.4)

36.3 (8.8)

0.654

 TAIb, mean (SD)

41.0 (7.3)

41.1 (7.7)

40.9 (7.0)

0.824

 DERSb, mean (SD)

73.3 (18.0)

72.6 (16.9)

73.9 (19.0)

0.623

  1. aK-SRRS data were available for 100 men and 102 women
  2. bPSS, SAI, TAI, and DERS data were available for 101 men and all women
  3. cBDI data were available for all men and 102 women
  4. dp-value was calculated by comparing sexes using independent t-test for age, PSS, SAI, TAI, and DERS, Mann–Whitney U test for HCC, K-SRRS, and BDI, and Chi-square test for level of education
  5. BDI Beck Depression Inventory, DERS Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale, HCC hair cortisol concentration, IQR interquartile range, K-SRRS Korean version of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, PSS Perceived Stress Scale, SAI State Anxiety Inventory, SD standard deviation, TAI Trait Anxiety Inventory