Ischemic preconditioning protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury in chronic kidney disease in both males and females

Table 2 The effects of sex and CKD on ex vivo heart weights, tibia length, and basal coronary flow

Parameter (unit)	Male		Female		p-value
Parameter (unit)	Sham	CKD	Sham	CKD	CKD vs. sham	Female vs. male
Body weight (g)	488 ± 8	451 ± 7*	268 ± 4^#	254 ± 3*^#	< 0.001	< 0.001
Tibia length (cm)	4.27 ± 0.03	4.18 ± 0.06*	3.82 ± 0.04^#	3.73 ± 0.03*^#	0.049	< 0.001
Heart weight (mg)	2450 ± 68	2541 ± 63	1476 ± 34^#	1536 ± 32^#	0.210	< 0.001
LV weight (mg)	1319 ± 34	1434 ± 49*	900 ± 33^#	1023 ± 34*^#	0.005	< 0.001
CF10' (mL/min)	17.5 ± 0.8	17.4 ± 1.0	11.0 ± 0.4^#	12.1 ± 0.4^#	0.720	< 0.001
Kidney weight (mg)	1330 ± 43	1809 ± 79	989 ± 50^#	1189 ± 75	N/A	< 0.001
Lung weight (mg)	1596 ± 55	1765 ± 67	1508 ± 36^#	1464 ± 37^#	0.242	< 0.001

Values are mean ± SEM, n = 30–55 for body weight, heart weight and CF10’ (sham male: n = 35, CKD male: n = 31, sham female: n = 30, and CKD female: n = 55), and n = 13–19 for tibia length, LV weight, kidney weight and lung weight (sham male: n = 19, CKD male: n = 13, sham female: n = 18, and CKD female: n = 18), *p < 0.05, CKD vs. sham-operated groups, #p < 0.05, females vs. males, respectively, p-values refer to two-way ANOVA (Holm–Sidak post hoc test). CF10' coronary flow collected at the 10th minute or perfusion protocol, CKD chronic kidney disease, LV left ventricular

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