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Fig. 4 | Biology of Sex Differences

Fig. 4

From: Ischemic preconditioning protects the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury in chronic kidney disease in both males and females

Fig. 4

The effects of sex on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis and heart failure markers. A Representative hematoxylin–eosin (HE, × 40 and × 100) and picrosirius red/fast green-stained (PSFG, × 10) sections; B cardiomyocyte perimeter; C left ventricular collagen content; D left ventricular A-type natriuretic peptide (ANP) expression; E left ventricular B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) expression; F circulating plasma BNP level measured at week 9. Values are means ± SEM, n = 6–9 for histology (sham male: n = 6, CKD male: n = 9, sham female: n = 6, and CKD female: n = 7), n = 7–11 for ANP and BNP expression (sham male: n = 8, CKD male: n = 8, sham female: n = 9, and CKD female: n = 11), and n = 6–7 for circulating BNP level (sham male: n = 7, CKD male: n = 6, sham female: n = 6, and CKD female: n = 6), *p < 0.05, CKD vs. sham-operated groups, #p < 0.05, females vs. males p-values refer to two-way ANOVA (Holm–Sidak post hoc test)

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