Table 1 Demographic, clinical characteristics, demographic, and medications

Participants, n (%)

173 (64)

96 (36)

71 (63)

41 (37)

102 (65)

55 (35)

Age

39 (13)

55 (9)

40 (13)

56 (8)

39 (13)

55 (10)

Caucasians, n (%)

114 (42)

44 (16)

44 (16)

19 (7)

70 (26)

25 (9)

African American, n (%)

59 (22)

52 (20)

27 (55)

22 (45)

32 (51)

30 (49)

Clinical analysis

 BMI (kg/m²)

28 (7.9)

37.5 (7.4)

28 (6.9)

38 (7)

28 (8.6)

37 (7.8)

 WHR

0.8 (0.1)

0.9 (0.1)

0.91 (0.08)

1.0 (0.05)

0.81 (0.07)

0.89 (0.1)

 SBP (mm Hg)

118 (15)

132 (22)

121(14)

133 (25)

116 (15)

131 (20)

 DBP (mm Hg)

74 (11)

80 (12)

74 (12)

80 (14)

73 (12)

80 (12)

 Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

77 (19)

134 (54)

82 (18)

150 (54)

75 (19)

122 (51)

 HbA1C (%)

–

7.6 (1.7)

–

8.3 (2)

–

7.2 (1)

 Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

0.85 (0.1)

1.2 (1.9)

0.98 (0.15)

1.67 (2.9)

0.75 (0.1)

0.83 (0.2)

 ACR (mg albumin/gCr)

28 (26)

76 (79)

27 (29)

78 (77)

29 (23)

74 (82)

 uCreatinine (mg/L)

0.7 (0.4)

0.5 (0.2)

0.7 (0.4)

0.6 (0.2)

0.7 (0.4)

0.5 (0.2)

 eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m²)

95 (21)

83 (26)

94 (17)

77 (28)

95 (23)

87 (24)

Medications

 No meds, n (%)

169 (63)

25 (9)

69 (62)

10 (9)

99 (63)

15 (9)

 ARB, n (%)

–

13 (5)

–

5 (5)

–

8 (5)

 ACEi, n (%)

2 (1)

30 (11)

2 (2)

12 (10)

3 (2)

18 (11)

 ARB/ACEi, n (%)

–

4 (1)

–

3 (3)

–

1 (1)

 β-adrenergic blockers, n (%)

2 (1)

19 (7)

–

11 (10)

–

8 (5)

 Calcium channel blockers, n (%)

–

1 (1)

–

–

–

1 (1)

 Diuretics, n (%)

–

4 (2)

–

–

–

4 (3)

 Diabetes medication, n (%)

1 (0.4)

80 (30)

1 (1)

35 (32)

–

46 (29)