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Table 8 Results of the mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the effect of sex and day on 90th percentile or peak muscle activity

From: Sex differences in muscle activity and motor variability in response to a non-fatiguing repetitive screwing task

Parameter

Muscle

Outcome

Men

Women

Statistical analysis (mixed ANOVA)

N

Median (IQR)

N

Median (IQR)

Day

Sex

Day × sex

Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

F value (df1, df2)

p value

F value (df1, df2)

p value

F value (df1, df2)

p value

RMS90

M. extensor digitorum

RMS90.DIFF [%RVE]

27

− 2.68

(14.96)

− 0.87

(12.57)

− 1.59

(8.93)

29

− 0.39

(6.94)

− 1.10

(8.76)

− 1.41

(8.99)

158.116

(2, 108)

0.000*

1.223

(1, 54)

0.274

0.445

(2, 108)

0.642

RMS90.MEAN [%RVE]

27

83.56

(55.95)

81.18

(57.21)

79.02

(61.00)

29

63.94

(27.19)

59.16

(38.22)

60.43

(39.22)

5.203

(2, 108)

0.007*

4.213

(1, 54)

0.045*

0.791

(2, 108)

0.456

M. flexor carpi radialis

RMS90.DIFF [%RVE]

27

− 3.47

(19.29)

0.42

(9.05)

1.23

(8.72)

25

− 4.48

(19.18)

− 1.60

(20.11)

− 4.61

(10.96)

1286.88

(2, 100)

0.000*

0.427

(1, 50)

0.516

3.929

(2, 100)

0.023*

RMS90.MEAN [%RVE]

27

44.12

(44.97)

38.53

(22.64)

38.09

(29.19)

25

53.81

(52.24)

56.28

(59.29)

48.84

(40.93)

0.757

(2, 100)

0.472

2.758

(1, 50)

0.103

2.199

(2, 100)

0.116

M. biceps brachii

RMS90.DIFF [%RVE]

26

− 4.08

(18.65)

− 3.58

(28.77)

− 2.93

(32.07)

29

− 12.04

(25.00)

− 14.55

(16.31)

− 12.07

(20.59)

66.653

(2, 106)

0.000*

10.381

(1, 53)

0.002*

1.634

(2, 106)

0.200

RMS90.MEAN [%RVE]

26

150.59

(87.50)

143.73

(86.54)

165.71

(100.66)

29

125.75

(58.65)

118.82

(37.84)

124.55

(60.00)

0.981

(2, 106)

0.378

5.539

(1, 53)

0.022*

0.345

(2, 106)

0.709

M. triceps brachii

RMS90.DIFF [%RVE]

25

0.76

(5.29)

0.00

(6.55)

− 1.09

(5.28)

30

− 4.39

(9.25)

− 1.43

(5.73)

− 0.69

(5.50)

816.754

(2, 106)

0.000*

7.136

(1, 53)

0.010*

2.657

(2, 106)

0.075

RMS90.MEAN [%RVE]

25

30.86

(24.85)

23.86

(20.70)

22.19

(14.07)

30

32.06

(24.27)

30.41

(20.36)

30.97

(27.62)

4.173

(2, 106)

0.018*

3.278

(1, 53)

0.076

0.056

(2, 106)

0.945

  1. *Significant p value, α = 0.05. N number of subjects in statistical model, IQR interquartile range, df1 degrees of freedom for the number of comparisons within subjects, df2 degrees of freedom for the error term, RMS90 90th percentile or peak muscle activity, DIFF difference value between the start (rows 2 and 3) and end (rows 11 and 12) value, RVE reference voluntary electrical activity