Systematic review supports the role of DNA methylation in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia: a call for analytical and methodological standardization

Table 3 DNA methylome alterations in less severe PE cases vs. normotensive controls

Gene	No of CpGs	Region	DNA methylation changes	Sample	PE	Reference
COL5A1	1	/	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[37]
INHBA	2	5′ UTR	Hypomethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[34]
BHLHE40	1	Body	Hypomethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[34]
SLC2A1	1	Body	Hypomethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[34]
ADAM12	1	Body	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[34]
LINE-1	/	/	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[11]
Alu	/	/	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[11]
CRH	Multiple	5′ UTR	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[35]
CRHBP	Multiple	Intron 3	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[35]
LEP	Multiple	Promoter	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[63]
TERT	1 (cg01934390)	Promoter	No difference	Placenta		[48]
TERT	1 (cg11832804)	Promoter			LOPE
DNMT1	1 (cg07627628)	/	No difference	Placenta		[48]
DNMT1	1 (cg26538782)	/			LOPE
NOTCH1	/	Promoter	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[57]
VEGF	23	Promoter	Hypomethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[60]
FLT-1	30	Promoter	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[60]
KDR	37	Promoter	No difference	Placenta	LOPE	[60]
ACAP2	4	Promoter	Hypermethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
CLIC6	11	Promoter	Hypermethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
GATA4	9	Promoter	Hypermethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
PCDH9	7	Promoter	Hypermethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
PTPRN2-A	20	Promoter	Hypomethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
CCDC149	/	Promoter	Hypermethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
PTPRN2-A	/	Promoter	Hypermethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
PTPRN2-B	/	Promoter	Hypermethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
RBFOX1	/	Promoter	Hypermethylated	Placenta	LOPE	[45]
MASPIN (SERPINB5)	/	/	No difference	Plasma	mPE	[61]
MMP1	1	Promoter	No difference	Omental fat arteries	mPE	[32]

ISSN: 2042-6410