Table 2 DNA methylome alterations in more severe PE cases vs. normotensive controls
Gene | No of CpGs | Region | DNA methylation changes | Sample | PE | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H19 | / | / | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [11] |
7 | Exon 1 | Hypermethylated | Placenta | sPE | [55] | |
CDH11 | 1 | / | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [37] |
NCAM1 | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [37] |
TNF | 1 | / | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [37] |
INHBA | 1 | 5′ UTR | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [34] |
BHLHE40 | 1 | Body | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [34] |
SLC2A1 | 1 | Body | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [34] |
ADAM12 | 1 | Body | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [34] |
LINE-1 | / | / | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [11] |
TBX15 | 39 | Promoter | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [43] |
Alu | / | / | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [11] |
NR3C1 | Multiple | promoter | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [35] |
CRH | Multiple | 5′ UTR | No difference | Placenta | EOPE | [35] |
CRHBP | Multiple | Intron 3 | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [35] |
LEP | Multiple | Promoter | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [63] |
TERT | 1 (cg01934390) | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [48] |
TNFAIP8 | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [64] |
YWHAQ (T-14-tau)) | 19 | Promoter | Hypermethylated | Placenta | sPE | [56] |
WNT2 | 7 | Promoter | No difference | Placenta | EOPE | [66] |
DNMT1 | 1 (cg07627628) | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [48] |
1 (cg26538782) | / | Hypermethylated | Â | Â | Â | |
DNMT3A | 1 (cg11779362) | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [48] |
DLL1 | / | Promoter | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [57] |
NOTCH1 | / | Promoter | No difference | Placenta | EOPE | [57] |
VEGF | 23 | Promoter | Hypermethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [60] |
FLT-1 | 30 | Promoter | No difference | Placenta | EOPE | [60] |
KDR | 37 | Promoter | No difference | Placenta | EOPE | [60] |
AKT1 | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
CRTC1 | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
PER1 | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
CSKN1E | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
PRDX1 | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
RORA | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
ARNTL2 | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
CLOCK | 2 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
CRY2 | 3 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
PER2 | 4 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
FOXO3 | 5 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
MAPK1 | 2 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
PRDX5 | 1 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
PRKCA | 2 | / | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [19] |
CAPG | 2 | Promoter | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [28] |
GLI2 | 2 | Promoter | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [28] |
KRT13 | 2 | Promoter | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [28] |
NuRD | / | Promoter | Hypermethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [58] |
BARX | / | Promoter | Hypermethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [58] |
E2F4 | / | Promoter | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [58] |
MMP9 | 1 | Promoter | Hypermethylation | Placenta | sPE | [59] |
C12orf75 | 1 | body | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
PVT1_MIR1204 | 1 | TSS200 | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
NDUFAF3 | 1 | TSS200 | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
ARSG | 1 | body | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
FYCO1 | 1 | body | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
SULF2 | 1 | 5′ UTR | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
PVT1 | 1 | body | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
OBSL1 | 1 | body | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
MERTK | 1 | body | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
C2 | 1 | 1st exon | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
PEBP1 | 1 | body | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
SKI | 1 | body | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
CCDC68 | 1 | TSS200 | Hypomethylation | Placenta | EOPE | [54] |
DKK1 | 5 | Promoter | No difference | Placenta | EOPE | [66] |
TIMP-3 | / | / | No difference | Serum | sPE | [65] |
2 | Promoter | Hypomethylated | Placenta | EOPE | [28] | |
RASSF1A | / | / | No difference | Serum | sPE | [65] |
CDH1 | / | / | No difference | Serum | sPE | [65] |
PTGS2 | / | / | No difference | Serum | sPE | [65] |
BLT1 | / | / | No difference | Serum | sPE | [65] |
APC | / | / | Hypomethylated | Serum | sPE | [65] |
/ | / | Hypermethylated | Plasma | sPE | [61] | |
HYP2 | / | / | Hypermethylated | Plasma | EOPE | [62] |
MASPIN (SERPINB5) | / | / | Hypomethylated | Plasma | sPE | [61] |
FAS | 1 | / | Hypermethylated | UCB | EOPE | [43] |
ACTA2 | 1 | / | Hypermethylated | UCB | EOPE | [43] |
PI3KR1 | 1 | / | Hypermethylated | UCB | EOPE | [43] |
MIR145 | 2 | / | Hypermethylated | UCB | EOPE | [43] |
LOC728264 | 2 | / | Hypermethylated | UCB | EOPE | [43] |
IL12B | 1 | / | Hypermethylated | UCB | EOPE | [43] |
IGF1 | 1 | / | No difference | UCB | EOPE | [43] |
MIR24-2 | 1 | / | Hypermethylated | UCB | EOPE | [43] |
MMP1 | 1 | Promoter | Hypomethylated | Omental fat arteries | sPE | [43] |