| Variables | High Gal3BP (mg/l) (≥3.3 mg/l, ≥80th percentile) |
|---|
| All patients (n = 285) | Women (n = 124) | Men (n = 161) |
|---|
| No | Yes | p valuea | No | Yes | p valuea | No | Yes | p value a |
|---|
| N | 226 (79) | 59 (21) | | 87 (70) | 37 (30) | | 139 (86) | 22 (14) | |
| Gender |
| Women | 87 (39) | 37 (63) | 0.001 b | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Men | 139 (62) | 22 (37) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Age | 42 (32, 51) | 41 (29, 50) | 0.49 | 42 (31, 51) | 40 (30, 48) | 0.63 | 43 (32, 51) | 46 25, 55) | 0.98 |
| Diabetes duration | 21 (11, 31) | 18 (11, 27) | 0.093 | 19 (10, 29) | 19 (13, 28) | > 0.99 | 21 (13, 33) | 16 (6, 26) | 0.032 |
| sCD163 (mg/l) | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.088 | 0.4 (0.3, 0.5) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.15 | 0.4 (0.3. 0.5) | 0.5 (0.3–0.6) | 0.26 |
| Galectin-3 (μg/l) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.6) | 1.2 (0.7, 2.1) | 0.056 | 0.8 (0.5, 1.4) | 1.1 (0.5, 1.7) | 0.24 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.9) | 1.7 (0.8, 2.6) | 0.035 |
| HbA1c |
| mmol/mol | 61 (54, 69) | 68 (58, 79) | 0.004 | 63 (53, 71) | 71 (59, 82) | 0.013 | 61 (54, 68) | 65 (55, 76) | 0.20 |
| % | 7.8 (7.1–8.4) | 8.4 (7.5–9.4) | 7.9 (7.0, 8.6) | 8.6 (7.5, 9.6) | 7.8 (7.1, 8.4) | 8.1 (7.2, 9.1) |
| TC (mmol/l) | 4.5 (4.1, 5.1) | 4.7 (4.1, 5.3) | 0.20 | 4.6 (4.1, 5.3) | 4.7 (4.9, 5.4) | 0.90 | 4.4 (4.0, 5.0) | 4.8 (4.2, 5.1) | 0.14 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.1) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.6) | 0.001 | 0.8 (0.6, 1.1) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.5) | 0.065 | 0.9 (0.7, 1.2) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.8) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.8 (2.4, 3.2) | 3.0 (2.4, 3.6) | 0.12 | 2.8 (2.4, 3.3) | 2.9 (2.2, 3.6) | 0.82 | 2.8 (2.4, 3.2) | 3.2 (2.6, 3.6) | 0.036 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.7) | 0.053 | 1.6 (1.4, 1.9) | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) | 0.17 | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) | 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) | 0.024 |
| Creatine (μmol/l) | 70 (63–80) | 66 (53–76) | 0.005 | 64 (56, 70) | 61 (52, 69) | 0.17 | 74 (68, 82) | 72 (66, 80) | 0.30 |
| Abdominal obesity | 37 (16) | 10 (18) | 0.84 b | 25 (29) | 9 (26) | > 0.99 b | 12 (9) | 1 (5) | > 0.99 b |
| General obesity | 20 (9) | 14 (25) | 0.002 b | 14 (16) | 8 (23) | 0.44 b | 6 (4) | 6 (27) | 0.002 b |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 120 (115, 130) | 120 (110, 130) | 0.37 | 120 (110, 130) | 115 (110, 130) | 0.57 | 125 (120, 130) | 128 (110, 136) | 0.69 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 70 (70,76) | 70 (65, 75) | 0.48 | 70 (65, 75) | 70 (62, 70) | 0.27 | 70 (70, 80) | 75 (70, 80) | 0.19 |
| Smoking | 21 (10) | 6 (11) | 0.80 b | 14 (16) | 8 (23) | 0.44 b | 14 (10) | 3 (15) | 0.47 b |
| Physical inactivity | 19 (9) | 10 (18) | 0.085 b | 6 (7) | 6 (18) | 0.18 b | 13 (10) | 4 (19) | 0.26 b |
| Depression | 21 (9) | 9 (15) | 0.23 b | 8 (9) | 6 (16) | 0.35 b | 8 (9) | 6 (16) | 0.35 b |
| Cardiovascular complications | 6 (3) | 4 (7) | 0.22 b | 1 (1) | 3 (8) | 0.079 b | 5 (4) | 1 (4) | 0.59 b |
| Diabetes retinopathy | 162 (72) | 43 (73) | > 0.99 b | 58 (67) | 30 (81) | 0.14 b | 104 (75) | 13 (59) | 0.12 b |
| Foot complications | 36 (16) | 11 (20) | 0.55 b | 7 (8) | 6 (18) | 0.19 b | 29 (22) | 5 (23) | > 099 b |
| Antidepressants | 16 (7) | 7 (12) | 0.28 b | 5 (6) | 7 (19) | 0.041 b | 11 (8) | 0 | 0.36 b |
| Antihypertensive drugs | 77 (34) | 19 (32) | 0.88 b | 22 (25) | 13 (35) | 0.28 b | 55 (40) | 6 (27) | 0.35 b |
| Lipid lowering drugs | 103 (46) | 30 (51) | 0.56 b | 36 (41) | 19 (51) | 0.33 b | 67 (48) | 11 (50) | > 0.99 b |
- a Mann-Whitney U test unless otherwise indicated. b Fisher’s Exact test
- Abdominal obesity: women p >0.99b, men p >0.99b
- General obesity: women p=0.44b, men= 0.002b
