Table 3 Regulation of enzymes involved in bile acid synthesis by hormones and their respective hormone receptors
From: The influence of biological sex and sex hormones on bile acid synthesis and cholesterol homeostasis
Enzyme | Hormone/receptor | Regulation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
CYP7A1 | 17alpha-ethynylestrodrial (EE2)/ER-alpha | Downregulates CYP7A1 expression | [123] |
GPR30 | Upregulates CYP7A1 expression | [113] | |
CYP8B1 | 17alpha-ethynylestrodrial (EE2)/ER-alpha | Downregulates CYP8B1 expression | [123[ |
| Â | Estrogen (with biliary diversion, not intact enterohepatic circulation) | Downregulates CYP8B1 expression | [124] |
CYP27A1 | Estrogen/ER-alpha & ER-beta | Downregulates CYP27A1 expression | [122] |
Androgens/androgen receptor | Upregulates CYP27A1 expression | [122] | |
CYP3A4 | Estrogen | Downregulates CYP3A4 | [114] |
AKR1D1 | Testosterone | Inhibits upregulation of AKR1D1 by Estrogen | [114] |