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Table 1 Summary of sex-related differences in Siah2KO adipose tissue

From: Siah2 modulates sex-dependent metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose tissue to a high-fat diet challenge

Siah2KO phenotype Females (compared to WT and HFD unless otherwise noted) Males (compared to WT and HFD unless otherwise noted)
Body composition
 Baseline fat mass (WT and KO) Higher than males Lower than females
 Rate of gonadal fat mass gain (WT) Lower than males Higher than females
 Rate of gonadal fat mass gain (KO) Higher than males Lower than females
 Fat mass gain in BAT Higher Lower
 BAT relative to body weight (WT and KO) Higher than males Lower than females
 Adipocyte size Larger Larger
 Percent fat mass at 4 months Higher than males Lower than females
 Body weight, LFD Higher Higher
 Body weight, HFD Attenuated vs. WT Higher
Biochemical measurements
 Glucose tolerance Tolerant Tolerant23
 Insulin tolerance Tolerant Tolerant23
 Fasting glucose Unchanged Lower23
 Fasting insulin, LFD Higher Unchanged23
 Fasting insulin, HFD Unchanged Lower23
 Circulating free fatty acids Unchanged (LFD), lower (HFD) Lower23 (LFD and HFD)
Circulating triglycerides Unchanged Lower23
Inflammation and fibrosis markers in gWAT
 Crown-like structures Fewer Fewer
 Adipose fibrosis Lower Lower
 Macrophage marker (F4/80, CD68, CD11b) No change Lower23
 M1-macrophage marker (CD11c) Lower Lower23
 M2-macrophage marker (Ym1, Arg1, IL4) Higher Higher (Arg1)23
 Pro-inflammatory markers (TNFα, IL6, Ccl2, Ccr2) Unchanged Lower23
 Pai-1, Saa3 gene expression Unchanged Lower23
 Gdf3 gene expression Lower Lower23
Thermogenesis markers in BAT
 ER-α/ERR-γ gene expression Higher No change
 ER-α/ERR-γ protein expression Lower No change
 PCG1α, Dio2, Ucp1 gene expression Higher No change
 PCG1α, Dio2, Ucp1 protein expression Higher No change
  1. BAT brown adipose tissue, gWAT gonadal white adipose tissue, LFD low-fat diet, HFD high-fat diet, KO Siah2 global knockout, WT wild-type
  2. 23Data reported in reference [23]
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Biology of Sex Differences

ISSN: 2042-6410

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