Fig. 5

Botanical supplement-induced enhanced metabolic flexibility in skeletal muscle is not mediated by transcriptional regulation: Neither PMI5011 nor bitter melon alters overall patterns of mRNA expression (a) or protein abundance (b, c) in biochemical factors regulating fatty acid metabolism or insulin signaling in high-fat-fed female mice. However, both mRNA and protein abundance of CD36 were increased in the skeletal muscle of mice supplemented with PMI5011 (a, b). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, as determined by unpaired two-tailed t test. Variability is expressed as mean ± SD