Fig. 3

Maximal voluntary isometric force of the non-exercising limb (NEL) in Newtons (N) for the male group and the female group, before (in black) and after (in white) the 30-s unilateral exercise. Bars represent group mean values. Error bars are the standard error of the mean. Significant main sex differences p < 0.001 (###), main time differences, and time × sex interaction were not significant