Table 1 Gender preference in bacterial infections

Gastrointestinal tract infections

Men

Salmonella typhi

Typhoid ileal perforation

[30]

Campylobacter jejuni

Inflammatory bowel disease

[37, 38]

Helicobacter pylori

Gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer

[39]

Clostridium difficile

Fulminant colitis

[47, 48]

Yersinia enterocolitica

Enteritis, enterocolitis, and gastroenterocolitis

[52]

Vibrio spp.

Gastroenteritis and wound infections

[57, 200, 245, 246]

Women

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Hemolytic–uremic syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome

[59, 60]

Respiratory tract infections

Men

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Community-acquired pneumonia

[79]

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

[93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100]

Legionella spp.

Legionnaires’ disease

[131, 132, 141, 133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140]

Bloodstream infections

Men

Many bacterial species

Septic shock, organ dysfunction, severe sepsis

[18, 162, 177, 163, 165,166,167, 173,174,175,176]

Urinary tract infections

Women

Escherichia coli

Acute cystitis, inflammation, and sepsis

[229, 231]

Lyme borreliosis

Women

Borrelia burgdorferi

Erythema migrans and facial nerve palsy

[232, 233]

Sexually transmitted infections

Women

Chlamydia trachomatis

Infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and pelvic inflammatory disease

[235, 237]

Neisseria gonorrhea

Gonorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease

[234]

Listeriosis

Women

Listeria monocytogenes

Bacteremia, meningitis

[241]

Q fever

Men

Coxiella burnetii

Fever, granulomatous hepatitis, myocarditis, pericarditis, and pneumonia

[243]

Wound infections

Men

Mycobacterium marinum

Swimming-pool granuloma or fish-tank granuloma disease

[245]