| |
Overall
|
Men
|
Women
| |
|---|
| |
N
|
Mean UBT value (SD), ‰
|
P
|
N
|
Mean UBT value (SD), ‰
|
P
|
N
|
Mean UBT value (SD), ‰
|
P
|
P for interaction by sex
|
|---|
|
Sex
|
|
Men
|
30,543
|
23.6 (15.4)
|
< 0.001a
|
–
|
–
| |
–
|
–
| | |
|
Women
|
45,860
|
34.6 (22.8)
| |
–
|
–
| |
–
|
–
| | |
|
Age, yearsb
| |
df = 4, F = 52.8
|
< 0.001b
| |
df = 4, F = 60.7
|
< 0.001c
| |
df = 4, F = 29.6
|
< 0.001b
|
< 0.001c1
|
|
25–34
|
22,919
|
28.6 (20.3)
| |
9280
|
22.0 (14.6)
| |
13,639
|
33.1 (22.3)
| | |
|
35–44
|
25,643
|
30.8 (21.3)
| |
10,478
|
23.4 (15.0)
| |
15,165
|
35.9 (23.4)
| | |
|
45–54
|
15,768
|
30.4 (20.6)
| |
6166
|
24.4 (15.4)
| |
9602
|
34.3 (22.5)
| | |
|
55–64
|
7942
|
31.0 (20.6)
| |
2982
|
25.3 (16.4)
| |
4960
|
34.5 (22.0)
| | |
|
65–95
|
4131
|
32.3 (22.4)
| |
1637
|
27.2 (18.9)
| |
2494
|
35.7 (23.8)
| | |
|
SES of place of residence
| |
df = 2, F = 45.1
|
< 0.001b
| |
df = 2, F = 4.8
|
0.008c
| |
df = 2, F = 54.4
|
< 0.001b
|
< 0.001c2
|
|
1–5 (low SES)
|
35,358
|
30.9 (21.3)
| |
14,272
|
23.8 (15.5)
| |
21,806
|
35.8 (23.2)
| | |
|
6–10 (intermediate–high SES)
|
36,549
|
29.6 (20.6)
| |
14,474
|
23.5 (15.4)
| |
22,075
|
33.7 (22.4)
| | |
|
Missing
|
4496
|
28.8 (20.0)
| |
1797
|
22.6 (14.8)
| |
2699
|
32.9 (21.8)
| | |
|
BMI, kg/m2
| |
df = 4, F = 268.3
|
< 0.001b
| |
df = 4, F = 65.1
|
< 0.001c
| |
df = 4, F = 89.4
|
< 0.001b
|
0.031c3
|
|
< 18.5
|
1871
|
36.5 (25.4)
| |
283
|
27.7(18.9)
| |
1588
|
38.0 (26.1)
| | |
|
18.5–24.9
|
30,933
|
32.6 (22.4)
| |
9906
|
25.2 (16.4)
| |
21,027
|
36.2 (24.0)
| | |
|
25.0–29.9
|
26,100
|
28.8 (19.7)
| |
13,011
|
23.4 (15.2)
| |
13,089
|
34.2 (22.0)
| | |
|
≥ 30
|
14,140
|
27.2 (18.1)
| |
5648
|
21.3 (13.6)
| |
8492
|
31.0 (19.6)
| | |
|
Missing
|
3359
|
27.7 (20.0)
| |
1695
|
22.2 (14.9)
| |
1664
|
33.2 (22.8)
| | |
|
Smoking
| |
df = 2, F = 716.6
|
< 0.001b
| |
df = 2, F = 217.8
|
< 0.001c
| |
df = 2, F = 269.7
|
< 0.001b
|
< 0.001c4
|
|
Ever
|
11,862
|
23.7 (16.9)
| |
6658
|
20.3 (14.4)
| |
5204
|
28.0 (19.6)
| | |
|
Never
|
43,754
|
31.7 (21.4)
| |
16,717
|
24.9 (16.0)
| |
27,037
|
36.0 (23.1)
| | |
|
Unknown
|
20,787
|
30.6 (21.2)
| |
7168
|
23.5 (15.3)
| |
13,619
|
34.4 (22.9)
| | |
- H. pylori infection was defined as delta 13C-UBT of > 3.5 per thousand, see text for details
- BMI body mass index, df degrees of freedom, DOB delta over baseline, SD standard deviation, UBT urea breath test, SES socioeconomic status
- aP value by Student’s t test; t = − 74.0, df = 76,385.8
- bP value by ANOVA
- cP values from linear mixed model assessing interaction between sex and each independent variable in separate models: 1df = 4, F = 19.5; 2df = 2, F = 18.8; 3df = 4, F = 2.6; and 4df = 2, F = 32.3
