A primer on the use of mouse models for identifying direct sex chromosome effects that cause sex differences in non-gonadal tissues

Table 1 XX vs. XY genomic dose for sex chromosome complement components

Genotypes	Gonads	NPX	NPY [−Sry]	Sry	PAR [−Sts]	Sts	X^m	X^p	Xⁱ
XX (40,XX)	F	2	0	0	2	2	1	1	1
XY (40,XY)	M	1	1	1	2	2	1	0	0

Sry and Sts are separated from the chromosomal regions that encompass them because mouse variants with sex chromosomes deleted for one or both of these genes are utilized in crosses
NPX non-PAR X genes, NPY non-PAR Y genes (excluding Sry), PAR pseudoautosomal region (excluding Sts), X ^p X chromosome of paternal origin, X ^m X chromosome of maternal origin, X ⁱ the inactive X which may be of maternal or paternal origin

ISSN: 2042-6410