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Fig. 5 | Biology of Sex Differences

Fig. 5

From: High-fat diet impairs spatial memory and hippocampal intrinsic excitability and sex-dependently alters circulating insulin and hippocampal insulin sensitivity

Fig. 5

Sex-dependent effects of the HFD on circulating insulin. In males, the HFD increased circulating insulin compared to controls. However, in females, the HFD significantly decreased circulating insulin compared to controls. While this increased insulin in HFD-fed male rats met a clinical criterion for type-2 diabetes, HFD-fed females not only did not exhibit this clinically relevant profile, but in fact exhibited anomalous decreases in circulating insulin. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01

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