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Table 2 Genes showing sex-biased expression in the gonad

From: Large-scale transcriptome sequencing reveals novel expression patterns for key sex-related genes in a sex-changing fish

Gene symbol Gene description Contig ID Expression in bluehead wrasse Expression in other fishes
Steroidogenesis and hormone receptors
  cyp19a1a a Aromatase a (gonad isoform) c75632_g1_i1 F F [19, 20, 47, 110, 137, 180, 181]
  cyp11c1/b2 Steroid 11β-hydroxylase c112162_g1_i1 M M [20, 21, 49, 137]
  hsd11b2 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 c117833_g1_i1 M M [21, 47]
  hsd11b3 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (or 1 like a) c71474_g1_i1 F NSD [47]
  cyp17a1 Steroid 17α-hydroxylase 1 c152588_g2_i1 M M [21, 47, 110]
  hsd17b1 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 c33723_g1_i1 F F [47]
  hsd17b3 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 c3610_g1_i1 M NSD [47]
  cyp11a1 Cholesterol side-chain cleaving enzyme c152363_g1_i1 M M [47]
  star-like Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein c156452_g1_i1 M M [47]
  esr1 Estrogen receptor alpha c73327_g1_i1 M M [21, 47, 110]
  esr2a Estrogen receptor beta 1 c70616_g1_i1 M F [47]
  esr2b Estrogen receptor beta 2 c110359_g1_i1 M but NSD M [47, 182]
  fshr Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor c152458_g1_i1 M M [183] or NSD [182]
  lhr a Luteinizing hormone receptor c74538_g1_i1 M NSD [182]
  nr3c1 Glucocorticoid receptor c4332_g1_i1 M  
  nr3c2 Mineralocorticoid receptor c1060_g1_i1 F  
Key sex-related transcription factors
  dmrt1 Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor 1 c154918_g1_i1_split_1 M M [21, 49, 137, 184–188]
  dmrt2(a) Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor 2(a) c155062_g1_i1 M  
  dmrt1a1 a Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor like A1 c90860_g1_i1 M  
  foxl2 Forkhead box L2 c29733_g1_i1 F F [19, 46, 49, 110, 125, 127, 133] or NSD [21, 135]
  foxl3 Forkhead box L3 c158785_g1_i1 M M [125]
  sf-1 Steroidogenic factor-1 c152032_g1_i1 M M [20, 49, 110]
  amh Anti-Müllerian hormone or Müllerian-inhibiting substance c115827_g1_i1 M M [20, 21, 49, 189]
  amhr2 Anti-Müllerian hormone receptor 2 c197093_g1_i1 M M [34, 189]
  gsdf Gonadal soma derived factor c69648_g1_i1-a M M [48, 190]
  sox2 SRY-related HMG box 2 c32495_g1_i1 F  
  sox3 a SRY-related HMG box 3 c72647_g1_i1 F F [191] or M [186, 192]
  sox8 SRY-related HMG box 8 c75695_g1_i1 M M [193]
  sox9a SRY-related HMG box 9a c4248_g1_i1 M M [49, 110, 185, 191, 194] or F [137, 195]
  sox9b a SRY-related HMG box 9b c193758_g2_i1 M M [196] or F [137, 185, 194]
  wt-1a a Wilms tumor protein 1a c32767_g1_i1 M M [20, 21] or F [137]
  wt-1b Wilms tumor protein 1b c29263_g1_i1 M but NSD M [20] or F [137]
  dax1/nr0b1 Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1 c209037_g1_i1 F M [49] or F [137, 197]
  gdf9 Growth and differentiation factor 9 c152091_g1_i1 F F [110]
  fgf20b Fibroblast growth factor 20-like c193577_g1_i1 F F [47]
  figla Factor in the germline alpha c204647_g1_i1 F F [137, 184]
Rspo1/Wnt4/β-catenin pathway
  wnt4a Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 4a c167432_g1_i1 F but NSD F [19, 137] or M [141]
  wnt4b Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 4b c203717_g1_i1 M NSD [141] or M [137]
  rspo1 R-spondin-1 (precursor) c155259_g1_i1 M F [142] or M [137]
  ctnnb1 Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1 c70814_g1_i1 F F [20, 21, 137]
  fstl3 Follistatin-like 3 c85803_g1_i1 M  
  fstl4 a _c1 Follistatin-like 4_contig1 c6910_g1_i1 M  
  fstl4 a _c2 Follistatin-like 4_contig2 c76818_g1_i1 F  
  fstl5 Follistatin-like 5 c110224_g1_i1 M  
Retinoid acid signaling pathway
  aldh1a2 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2 c158408_g1_i1 M M [145]
  cyp26a1 Cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 c29815_g1_i1 F F [21, 145]
  cyp26b1 Cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily b, polypeptide 1 c117560_g1_i1 M M [21] or NSD [145]
  raraa Retinoid acid receptor alpha a c199432_g1_i1 F  
  rarab Retinoid acid receptor alpha b c153705_g1_i1 F  
  rarb Retinoid acid receptor beta c209577_g1_i1 F  
  stra6 Stimulated by retinoic acid gene 6 c153800_g1_i1 F F but NSD [21]
Epigenetic regulatory factors
  piwi-like1 P-element induced wimpy testis (piwi) like 1 c1516_g1_i1 M M [21]
  dnmt1 DNA methyltransferase 1 c30017_g1_i1 F  
  dnmt3aa DNA methyltransferase 3aa c755_g1_i1 M  
  dnmt3ab a _c1 DNA methyltransferase 3ab_contig 1 c193863_g1_i1 F  
  dnmt3ab a _c2 DNA methyltransferase 3ab_contig 2 c157308_g1_i1 M  
  dnmt3b DNA methyltransferase 3b c71358_g1_i1 M  
  dnmt3 DNA methyltransferase 3 c194062_g1_i1 F  
  dnmt4 DNA methyltransferase 4 c161106_g1_i1 M  
  hdac2 a Histone deacetylase 2 c75925_g1_i1 F  
  hdac7 Histone deacetylase 7 c193969_g1_i1 F  
  hdac8 Histone deacetylase 8 c71086_g1_i1 M  
  hdac10 Histone deacetylase 10 c37022_g1_i1 F  
  hdac11 a _c1 Histone deacetylase 11_contig 1 c152723_g1_i1 M  
  hdac11 a _c2 Histone deacetylase 11_contig 2 c115912_g1_i1 F  
  Ep300a a Histone acetyltransferase—E1A binding protein 300a c193959_g1_i1 F  
  Ep300b a Histone acetyltransferase—E1A binding protein 300b c112702_g1_i1 F  
  KAT2b Histone acetyltransferase—K(lysine) acetyltransferase 2b c152736_g1_i1 M  
  KAT7 a Histone acetyltransferase—K(lysine) acetyltransferase 7 c72324_g1_i1 M  
  1. M male-biased, F female-biased, NSD not significantly different
  2. aIndicates genes that have more than one contigs: only the longest contig of each gene is shown in this table
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Biology of Sex Differences

ISSN: 2042-6410

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