Table 1 Total number of phosphatidylserine, exosome, and inflammatory markers positive for urinary EVs
Controls from the general population | First time kidney stone formers | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Women ( n = 24) | Men ( n = 26–36) | Women ( n = 24–50) | Men ( n = 26–60) | |
Urinary EV/mg creatinine | ||||
Total phosphatidylserine positive | 3,181 (1,144, 6,072) | 697* (243, 1,158) | 3,068 (1,143, 6,166) | 1,416† (515, 3,435) |
Total CD63 (exosome) positive | 911 (528, 1,258) | 185* (86, 580) | 2,308† (525, 5,637) | 1,062*† (267, 2,628) |
Cellular adhesion/inflammatory molecules positive for urinary EV/mg creatinine | ||||
Total E-cadherin positive | 6 (2, 21) | 5 (2, 9) | 7 (2, 17) | 4 (2, 9) |
Total ICAM-1 positive | 184 (106, 320) | 160 (33, 657) | 204 (93, 627) | 163 (43, 627) |
Total VCAM-1 positive | 720 (133, 1,708) | 48* (6, 215) | 46† (15, 198) | 35 (6, 206) |
Total tissue factor positive | 494 (214, 1,012) | 204* (67, 667) | 611 (241, 2,063) | 421 (115, 1,962) |
Total MCP-1 positive | 20 (5, 36) | 3* (2, 6) | 8 (3, 16) | 3* (1, 8) |