Table 1 MicroRNAs showing sex-biased expression in different pathological conditions
From: Influence of sex differences on microRNA gene regulation in disease
Disease/development | MicroRNAs | Expression changes between males and females | Hormone regulated | Chromosome linked |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Autoimmune diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Systemic lupus erythematosus | miR-182 cluster, miR-31, and miR-148a [84] | M < F | Estrogens | - |
Neurodegenerative diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Schizophrenia | miR-30b [85] | M > F | Estrogens |  |
let-7f-2, miR-18b, miR-505, miR-502, miR-188, miR-325, miR-660 and miR-509-3 [41] | No expression changes reported (only mutational changes between disease and control) | Â | X chromosome | |
Cerebral ischemia | miR-23a [37] | M < F | - | - |
Neurodevelopment | miR-322, miR-574, and miR-873 [65] | M < F | Estrogens | - |
Metabolic diseases | miR-221, let-7 g [86] | M < F | - | - |
Breast cancer | miR17, let-7a [87]; | M < F | - | - |
miR-137 [35] | M < F promoter methylation of miR-137 | - | - | |
Liver fibrosis | miR-29a, miR-29b [88] | M < F | Estrogens | - |