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Table 1 Subjects’ anthropometric and basic metabolic characteristics at the time of screening

From: Sexually dimorphic effect of aging on skeletal muscle protein synthesis

 

MEN

WOMEN

ANOVA

Young

Old

Young

Old

Sex

Age

Interaction

Age (years)

40 ± 2

69 ± 1

37 ± 2

73 ± 2

0.84

<0.001

0.10

Body mass (kg)

81 ± 4

81 ± 3

69 ± 2

61 ± 4

<0.001

0.22

0.25

Body mass index (kg/m2)

26.5 ± 1.0

25.9 ± 0.8

25.0 ± 0.8

24.0 ± 1.3

0.09

0.44

0.84

Fat mass (kg)

18 ± 2

21 ± 2

22 ± 1

23 ± 3

0.16

0.34

0.61

Fat mass (% body mass)

21 ± 2

25 ± 2

32 ± 1

36 ± 2

<0.001

0.055

0.97

Fat free mass (kg)

63 ± 2

60 ± 2

47 ± 2

38 ± 1

<0.001

0.002

0.17

Fat free mass (% body mass)

79 ± 2

75 ± 2

68 ± 1

64 ± 2

<0.001

0.055

0.97

Appendicular muscle mass (kg)

27.5 ± 1.1

24.9 ± 0.7

18.0 ± 0.9

14.1 ± 0.5

<0.001

<0.001

0.46

Appendicular muscle mass index (kg/m2)

9.0 ± 0.2

8.0 ± 0.2

6.5 ± 0.2

5.5 ± 0.2

<0.001

<0.001

0.99

Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)

93 ± 1

95 ± 3

87 ± 1

90 ± 1

0.005

0.18

0.54

2 h post OGTT plasma glucose (mg/dl)

94 ± 7

111 ± 8

93 ± 4

106 ± 7

0.66

0.03

0.77

HOMA-IR

1.46 ± 0.32

1.59 ± 0.27

1.08 ± 0.22

1.16 ± 0.23

0.13

0.69

0.91

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

109 ± 3

119 ± 5

105 ± 3

126 ± 6

0.69

<0.001

0.21

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

69 ± 2

74 ± 3

65 ± 3

68 ± 4

0.14

0.21

0.70

Plasma triglycerides (mg/dl)

88 ± 18

102 ± 12

66 ± 8

72 ± 13

0.04

0.43

0.75

Total plasma cholesterol (mg/dl)

170 ± 10

193 ± 7

172 ± 8

197 ± 8

0.74

0.01

0.89

LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

106 ± 9

125 ± 6

97 ± 7

109 ± 8

0.09

0.03

0.61

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)

47 ± 4

49 ± 3

62 ± 4

73 ± 4

<0.001

0.09

0.25

Testosterone (ng/ml)

4.8 ± 0.5

5.7 ± 0.5

0.9 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.1

<0.001

0.26

0.18

Estradiol (pg/ml)

25 ± 2

18 ± 2

62 ± 9a

8 ± 3b

0.01

<0.001

<0.001

Progesterone (ng/ml)

0.24 ± 0.10

0.28 ± 0.08

5.08 ± 1.53a

0.23 ± 0.07

<0.01

<0.01

<0.01

  1. Values are means ± SEM. HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. OGTT: oral glucose tolerance test.
  2. a Value significantly different from values in men and old women (P < 0.01). b Value significantly different from values in men (P < 0.05).
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Biology of Sex Differences

ISSN: 2042-6410

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